| Summary: | In this work, we evaluated the direct effect of a dialkyl carbamoyl chloride (DACC)-coated dressing on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> adhesion and growth in vitro, as well as the indirect effect of the dressing on fibroblast and macrophage activity. <i>S. aureus</i> cultures were treated with the dressing or gauze in Müller-Hinton medium or serum-supplemented Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium. Bacterial growth and attachment were assessed through colony-forming units (CFU) and residual biomass analyses. Fibroblast and macrophage co-cultures were stimulated with filtered supernatants from the bacterial cultures treated with the DACC-coated dressing, following which tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression and gelatinolytic activity were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and zymography, respectively. The DACC-coated dressing bound 1.8–6.1% of all of the bacteria in the culture. Dressing-treated cultures presented biofilm formation in the dressing (enabling mechanical removal), with limited formation outside of it (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Filtered supernatants of bacterial cultures treated with the DACC-coated dressing did not over-stimulate TNF-α or TGF-β1 expression (<i>p</i> < 0.001) or increase gelatinolytic activity in eukaryotic cells, suggesting that bacterial cell integrity was maintained. Based on the above data, wound caregivers should consider the use of hydrophobic dressings as a first option for the management of acute or chronic wounds.
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