Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals
We investigated the effect of repeated exposures to hypohydration upon cognitive performance. In a randomized crossover design, ten physically active adults completed two 4-week training blocks, one where they maintained euhydration (EUH) and the other where they were water-restricted (DEH) during w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/5/935 |
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| author | Thomas A. Deshayes Nicolas Daigle David Jeker Martin Lamontagne-Lacasse Maxime Perreault-Briere Pascale Claveau Ivan L. Simoneau Estelle Chamoux Eric D. B. Goulet |
| author_facet | Thomas A. Deshayes Nicolas Daigle David Jeker Martin Lamontagne-Lacasse Maxime Perreault-Briere Pascale Claveau Ivan L. Simoneau Estelle Chamoux Eric D. B. Goulet |
| author_sort | Thomas A. Deshayes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigated the effect of repeated exposures to hypohydration upon cognitive performance. In a randomized crossover design, ten physically active adults completed two 4-week training blocks, one where they maintained euhydration (EUH) and the other where they were water-restricted (DEH) during walking/running at 55% <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>O<sub>2max</sub>, 40 °C. Three sessions per week were performed: (1) 1 h of exercise, (2) exercise until 2% or (3) 4% of body mass has been lost or replaced. Limited to the first and fourth training week, a 12 min walking/running time-trial was completed following the 2 and 4% exercise bouts. Trail making, the Wisconsin card sort, the Stop signal task, Simple visual reaction time and Corsi block-tapping tests were performed immediately following the time-trials. Body mass loss was maintained < 1% with EUH and reached 2.7 and 4.7% with DEH following the time-trials. Except for a lower percentage of correct responses (% accuracy) during the Wisconsin card sort test (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with DEH compared to EUH, no statistically significant decline in cognitive performance was induced by low and moderate levels of hypohydration. Compared to week 1, no statistical differences in cognitive responses were observed after repeated exposures to hypohydration (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). From a practical perspective, the gains in cognitive performance following training to DEH were mostly unclear, but under certain circumstances, were greater than when EUH was maintained. Based on the battery of cognitive tests used in the current study, we conclude that whether physically active individuals are habituated or not to its effect, exercise-induced hypohydration of 2 and 4% has, in general, no or unclear impact on cognitive performance immediately following exercise. These results encourage further research in this area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:27:07Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4b4c16ad6d0241099defc72c7b9068ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:27:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b4c16ad6d0241099defc72c7b9068ef2023-11-23T23:32:03ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-02-0114593510.3390/nu14050935Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active IndividualsThomas A. Deshayes0Nicolas Daigle1David Jeker2Martin Lamontagne-Lacasse3Maxime Perreault-Briere4Pascale Claveau5Ivan L. Simoneau6Estelle Chamoux7Eric D. B. Goulet8Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaCentre de Recherche et de Formation par Simulation, Cegep of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K1, CanadaFaculty of Arts and Science, Biological Sciences, Bishop’s University, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 1Z7, CanadaFaculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, CanadaWe investigated the effect of repeated exposures to hypohydration upon cognitive performance. In a randomized crossover design, ten physically active adults completed two 4-week training blocks, one where they maintained euhydration (EUH) and the other where they were water-restricted (DEH) during walking/running at 55% <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>O<sub>2max</sub>, 40 °C. Three sessions per week were performed: (1) 1 h of exercise, (2) exercise until 2% or (3) 4% of body mass has been lost or replaced. Limited to the first and fourth training week, a 12 min walking/running time-trial was completed following the 2 and 4% exercise bouts. Trail making, the Wisconsin card sort, the Stop signal task, Simple visual reaction time and Corsi block-tapping tests were performed immediately following the time-trials. Body mass loss was maintained < 1% with EUH and reached 2.7 and 4.7% with DEH following the time-trials. Except for a lower percentage of correct responses (% accuracy) during the Wisconsin card sort test (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with DEH compared to EUH, no statistically significant decline in cognitive performance was induced by low and moderate levels of hypohydration. Compared to week 1, no statistical differences in cognitive responses were observed after repeated exposures to hypohydration (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). From a practical perspective, the gains in cognitive performance following training to DEH were mostly unclear, but under certain circumstances, were greater than when EUH was maintained. Based on the battery of cognitive tests used in the current study, we conclude that whether physically active individuals are habituated or not to its effect, exercise-induced hypohydration of 2 and 4% has, in general, no or unclear impact on cognitive performance immediately following exercise. These results encourage further research in this area.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/5/935exercise-induced dehydrationhypohydrationcognitive performanceexecutive functions |
| spellingShingle | Thomas A. Deshayes Nicolas Daigle David Jeker Martin Lamontagne-Lacasse Maxime Perreault-Briere Pascale Claveau Ivan L. Simoneau Estelle Chamoux Eric D. B. Goulet Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals Nutrients exercise-induced dehydration hypohydration cognitive performance executive functions |
| title | Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals |
| title_full | Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals |
| title_short | Cognitive Performance Before and Following Habituation to Exercise-Induced Hypohydration of 2 and 4% Body Mass in Physically Active Individuals |
| title_sort | cognitive performance before and following habituation to exercise induced hypohydration of 2 and 4 body mass in physically active individuals |
| topic | exercise-induced dehydration hypohydration cognitive performance executive functions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/5/935 |
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