Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors
An improved classification of Orthosiphon stamineus using a data fusion technique is presented. Five different commercial sources along with freshly prepared samples were discriminated using an electronic nose (e-nose) and an electronic tongue (e-tongue). Samples from the different commercial brands...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2010-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/10/8782/ |
| _version_ | 1828149511287996416 |
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| author | Latifah Munirah Kamarudin Abdul Hallis Abdul Aziz Abu Hassan Abdullah Nazifah Ahmad Fikri Maz Jamilah Masnan MohdNoor Ahmad Abdul Hamid Adom Ali Yeon Md. Shakaff Ammar Zakaria |
| author_facet | Latifah Munirah Kamarudin Abdul Hallis Abdul Aziz Abu Hassan Abdullah Nazifah Ahmad Fikri Maz Jamilah Masnan MohdNoor Ahmad Abdul Hamid Adom Ali Yeon Md. Shakaff Ammar Zakaria |
| author_sort | Latifah Munirah Kamarudin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An improved classification of Orthosiphon stamineus using a data fusion technique is presented. Five different commercial sources along with freshly prepared samples were discriminated using an electronic nose (e-nose) and an electronic tongue (e-tongue). Samples from the different commercial brands were evaluated by the e-tongue and then followed by the e-nose. Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) separately on the respective e-tongue and e-nose data, only five distinct groups were projected. However, by employing a low level data fusion technique, six distinct groupings were achieved. Hence, this technique can enhance the ability of PCA to analyze the complex samples of Orthosiphon stamineus. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was then used to further validate and classify the samples. It was found that the LDA performance was also improved when the responses from the e-nose and e-tongue were fused together. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:30:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b6000c078564c13ae1dbe8576640e3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:30:13Z |
| publishDate | 2010-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b6000c078564c13ae1dbe8576640e3c2022-12-22T04:02:01ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202010-09-0110108782879610.3390/s101008782Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue SensorsLatifah Munirah KamarudinAbdul Hallis Abdul AzizAbu Hassan AbdullahNazifah Ahmad FikriMaz Jamilah MasnanMohdNoor AhmadAbdul Hamid AdomAli Yeon Md. ShakaffAmmar ZakariaAn improved classification of Orthosiphon stamineus using a data fusion technique is presented. Five different commercial sources along with freshly prepared samples were discriminated using an electronic nose (e-nose) and an electronic tongue (e-tongue). Samples from the different commercial brands were evaluated by the e-tongue and then followed by the e-nose. Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) separately on the respective e-tongue and e-nose data, only five distinct groups were projected. However, by employing a low level data fusion technique, six distinct groupings were achieved. Hence, this technique can enhance the ability of PCA to analyze the complex samples of Orthosiphon stamineus. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was then used to further validate and classify the samples. It was found that the LDA performance was also improved when the responses from the e-nose and e-tongue were fused together.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/10/8782/electronic noseelectronic tonguedata fusionPCALDAOrthosiphon stamineus |
| spellingShingle | Latifah Munirah Kamarudin Abdul Hallis Abdul Aziz Abu Hassan Abdullah Nazifah Ahmad Fikri Maz Jamilah Masnan MohdNoor Ahmad Abdul Hamid Adom Ali Yeon Md. Shakaff Ammar Zakaria Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors Sensors electronic nose electronic tongue data fusion PCA LDA Orthosiphon stamineus |
| title | Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors |
| title_full | Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors |
| title_fullStr | Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors |
| title_short | Improved Classification of Orthosiphon stamineus by Data Fusion of Electronic Nose and Tongue Sensors |
| title_sort | improved classification of orthosiphon stamineus by data fusion of electronic nose and tongue sensors |
| topic | electronic nose electronic tongue data fusion PCA LDA Orthosiphon stamineus |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/10/8782/ |
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