| Summary: | The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Grape Pomace Extract (GPE), Pistachio Peel Extract (PsPE), and
Pomegranate Pomace Extract (PPE) with or without Resistant Starch (RS) as a prebiotic on gut microflora representative"s in vitro
conditions. For this purpose, the Resistant Starch (Fibersol2), grape pomace, pistachio peel, and pomegranate pomace were provided
and the extracts of by-products were prepared. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content of extracts.
The antimicrobial activity of extracts± Resistant Starch against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium
spp. were evaluated using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. The total tannin and phenolic compounds of pomegranate
pomace were more than the others. The results of MIC showed that 1600 and 3200 ppm of pistachio peel extract inhibited the E. coli
growth. The growth inhibition of Streptococcus spp. by Resistant Starch was equal to 400 ppm dilution. Streptococcus did not grow in
50, 100, and 200 ppm of pistachio peel extract + Resistant Starch treatment. The dilution of 800, 1600, and 3200 ppm of grape pomace
extract could prevent the growth of Lactobacillus spp., while Bifidobacterium increased in all treatments dilution except in 3200 ppm
pistachio peel extract and 50 and 100 ppm pistachio peel extract + resistant starch.
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