Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential
The differences in the composition of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of six <i>Ferula</i> species viz., <i>F. caratavica</i> (<i>Fc</i>), <i>F. kuchistanica</i> (<i>Fk</i>), <i>F. pseudoreoselinum</i> (<i>Fp...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/8/518 |
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| author | Fadia S. Youssef Munira A. Mamatkhanova Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva Gokhan Zengin Salima F. Aripova Elham Alshammari Mohamed L. Ashour |
| author_facet | Fadia S. Youssef Munira A. Mamatkhanova Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva Gokhan Zengin Salima F. Aripova Elham Alshammari Mohamed L. Ashour |
| author_sort | Fadia S. Youssef |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The differences in the composition of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of six <i>Ferula</i> species viz., <i>F. caratavica</i> (<i>Fc</i>), <i>F. kuchistanica</i> (<i>Fk</i>), <i>F. pseudoreoselinum</i> (<i>Fp</i>), <i>F. samarcandica</i> (<i>Fs</i>), <i>F. tenuisecta</i> (<i>Ft</i>) and <i>F. varia</i> (<i>Fv</i>) were detected both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively using GC-MS and GC-FID analyses. One hundred and six metabolites were identified that account for 92.1, 96.43, 87.43, 95.95, 92.90 and 89.48% of <i>Fc</i>, <i>Fk</i>, <i>Fp</i>, <i>Fs</i>, <i>Ft</i> and <i>Fv</i> whole essential oils, respectively. The data from the GC-MS analyses were subjected to unsupervised pattern recognition chemometric analysis utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) to improve the visualization of such differences among the six species. <i>Fk</i> and <i>Ft</i> are very closely related to each other and were gathered together in one cluster. The antioxidant potential was assessed in vitro using different assays including 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing power (FRAP) and phosphomolybdenum (PM) assays. <i>Ft</i> and <i>Fp</i> exhibited the most notable antioxidant properties as evidenced by their pronounced activities in most of the antioxidant assays performed, followed by <i>Fc</i>. <i>Fk</i> showed the most effective tyrosinase inhibitory potential, which was estimated as 119.67 mgKAE/g oil, while <i>Fp</i> exhibited the most potent α-amylase inhibitory potential, which was equivalent to 2.61 mmol ACAE/g oil. Thus, it was concluded that <i>Ferula</i> species could serve as a promising natural antioxidant drug that could be included in different products and spices to alleviate hyperglycemia and used as a natural ingredient in pharmaceutical cosmetics to counteract hyperpigmentation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:26:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b71943ace544e638387717daa6d817b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:26:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b71943ace544e638387717daa6d817b2023-11-20T10:09:45ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-08-019851810.3390/antibiotics9080518Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory PotentialFadia S. Youssef0Munira A. Mamatkhanova1Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva2Gokhan Zengin3Salima F. Aripova4Elham Alshammari5Mohamed L. Ashour6Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptInstitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek str. 77, Tashkent 100170, UzbekistanInstitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek str. 77, Tashkent 100170, UzbekistanDepartment of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, TurkeyInstitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek str. 77, Tashkent 100170, UzbekistanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptThe differences in the composition of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of six <i>Ferula</i> species viz., <i>F. caratavica</i> (<i>Fc</i>), <i>F. kuchistanica</i> (<i>Fk</i>), <i>F. pseudoreoselinum</i> (<i>Fp</i>), <i>F. samarcandica</i> (<i>Fs</i>), <i>F. tenuisecta</i> (<i>Ft</i>) and <i>F. varia</i> (<i>Fv</i>) were detected both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively using GC-MS and GC-FID analyses. One hundred and six metabolites were identified that account for 92.1, 96.43, 87.43, 95.95, 92.90 and 89.48% of <i>Fc</i>, <i>Fk</i>, <i>Fp</i>, <i>Fs</i>, <i>Ft</i> and <i>Fv</i> whole essential oils, respectively. The data from the GC-MS analyses were subjected to unsupervised pattern recognition chemometric analysis utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) to improve the visualization of such differences among the six species. <i>Fk</i> and <i>Ft</i> are very closely related to each other and were gathered together in one cluster. The antioxidant potential was assessed in vitro using different assays including 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing power (FRAP) and phosphomolybdenum (PM) assays. <i>Ft</i> and <i>Fp</i> exhibited the most notable antioxidant properties as evidenced by their pronounced activities in most of the antioxidant assays performed, followed by <i>Fc</i>. <i>Fk</i> showed the most effective tyrosinase inhibitory potential, which was estimated as 119.67 mgKAE/g oil, while <i>Fp</i> exhibited the most potent α-amylase inhibitory potential, which was equivalent to 2.61 mmol ACAE/g oil. Thus, it was concluded that <i>Ferula</i> species could serve as a promising natural antioxidant drug that could be included in different products and spices to alleviate hyperglycemia and used as a natural ingredient in pharmaceutical cosmetics to counteract hyperpigmentation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/8/518<i>Ferula</i>GCessential oilschemometricsantioxidant activityenzyme inhibition |
| spellingShingle | Fadia S. Youssef Munira A. Mamatkhanova Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva Gokhan Zengin Salima F. Aripova Elham Alshammari Mohamed L. Ashour Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential Antibiotics <i>Ferula</i> GC essential oils chemometrics antioxidant activity enzyme inhibition |
| title | Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential |
| title_full | Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential |
| title_short | Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six <i>Ferula</i> Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential |
| title_sort | chemical profiling and discrimination of essential oils from six i ferula i species using gc analyses coupled with chemometrics and evaluation of their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential |
| topic | <i>Ferula</i> GC essential oils chemometrics antioxidant activity enzyme inhibition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/8/518 |
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