| Summary: | Hydrogen is a key enabler of a sustainable society. Refurbishment of the existing natural gas infrastructure for up to 100% H<sub>2</sub> is considered one of the most energy- and resource-efficient energy transportation methods. The question remains whether the transportation of 100% H<sub>2</sub> with reasonable adaptions of the infrastructure and comparable energy amounts to natural gas is possible. The well-known critical components for refurbishment, such as increased compressor power, reduced linepack as well as pipeline transport efficiencies, and their influencing factors were considered based on thermodynamic calculations with a step-by-step overview. A H<sub>2</sub> content of 20–30% results in comparable operation parameters to pure natural gas. In addition to transport in pipelines, decentralized H<sub>2</sub> production will also play an important role in addressing future demands.
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