Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion
Pixel value ordering and prediction error expansion (PVO+PEE) is a very successful reversible data hiding (RDH) scheme. A series of studies were proposed to improve the performance of the PVO-based scheme. However, the embedding capacity of those schemes is quite limited. We propose a two-step predi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/14/1703 |
| _version_ | 1797526648525946880 |
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| author | Heng-Xiao Chi Ji-Hwei Horng Chin-Chen Chang |
| author_facet | Heng-Xiao Chi Ji-Hwei Horng Chin-Chen Chang |
| author_sort | Heng-Xiao Chi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pixel value ordering and prediction error expansion (PVO+PEE) is a very successful reversible data hiding (RDH) scheme. A series of studies were proposed to improve the performance of the PVO-based scheme. However, the embedding capacity of those schemes is quite limited. We propose a two-step prediction-error-triplet expansion RDH scheme based on PVO. A three-dimensional state transition map for the prediction-error triplet is also proposed to guide the embedding of the two-step scheme. By properly designing the state transitions, the proposed scheme can embed secret data or expand without embedding by modifying just a single entry of the triplet. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme significantly enlarges the embedding capacity of the PVO-based scheme and further reduces the distortion due to embedding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:32:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b7fc8f70335444b99342217efc2bc71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:32:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b7fc8f70335444b99342217efc2bc712023-11-22T04:20:53ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902021-07-01914170310.3390/math9141703Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet ExpansionHeng-Xiao Chi0Ji-Hwei Horng1Chin-Chen Chang2Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, TaiwanDepartment of Electronic Engineering, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 89250, TaiwanDepartment of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, TaiwanPixel value ordering and prediction error expansion (PVO+PEE) is a very successful reversible data hiding (RDH) scheme. A series of studies were proposed to improve the performance of the PVO-based scheme. However, the embedding capacity of those schemes is quite limited. We propose a two-step prediction-error-triplet expansion RDH scheme based on PVO. A three-dimensional state transition map for the prediction-error triplet is also proposed to guide the embedding of the two-step scheme. By properly designing the state transitions, the proposed scheme can embed secret data or expand without embedding by modifying just a single entry of the triplet. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme significantly enlarges the embedding capacity of the PVO-based scheme and further reduces the distortion due to embedding.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/14/1703reversible data hidingpixel-value-orderingprediction-error triplet expansionprediction-error histogram |
| spellingShingle | Heng-Xiao Chi Ji-Hwei Horng Chin-Chen Chang Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion Mathematics reversible data hiding pixel-value-ordering prediction-error triplet expansion prediction-error histogram |
| title | Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion |
| title_full | Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion |
| title_fullStr | Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion |
| title_short | Reversible Data Hiding Based on Pixel-Value-Ordering and Prediction-Error Triplet Expansion |
| title_sort | reversible data hiding based on pixel value ordering and prediction error triplet expansion |
| topic | reversible data hiding pixel-value-ordering prediction-error triplet expansion prediction-error histogram |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/14/1703 |
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