A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit
A self-powered IoT system with high integration, robust performance, and adaptability to complex environments is one of the current research hotspots. Piezoelectric materials have been widely used in pressure sensing and energy harvesting due to their stable output electrical properties. In this pap...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.1090769/full |
| _version_ | 1798004718350368768 |
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| author | Xiuyu Wang Min Kang Yang Zhao Yue Su Xu Zhang Xurui Mao |
| author_facet | Xiuyu Wang Min Kang Yang Zhao Yue Su Xu Zhang Xurui Mao |
| author_sort | Xiuyu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A self-powered IoT system with high integration, robust performance, and adaptability to complex environments is one of the current research hotspots. Piezoelectric materials have been widely used in pressure sensing and energy harvesting due to their stable output electrical properties. In this paper, a heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system based on a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) piezoelectric device and CMOS readout circuit is proposed. The piezoelectric sensor is fabricated by depositing electrodes on the surface of the 36°Y-cut LiNbO3 piezoelectric material. The sensitivity of the fabricated sensor is 17.5 mV/kPa. Based on the CSMC 0.18 μm BCD process, a ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on the current starvation delay element is designed as a wireless data transmission unit. The oscillator has two tuning terminals, which can realize frequency alignment and voltage threshold judgment. Using photolithography, wire bonding technology, etc., the heterogeneous integration of the Si-based chip and LiNbO3 piezoelectric device is realized. The experimental results show that below 1.8 V supply voltage, the oscillation frequency of the chip increases with the increase in the control terminal voltage, which provides an idea for solving the energy supply problem of an IoT system. This system has great application potential in the field of self-powered sensing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:27:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b81c37b46e74549a61cfd2653c9672b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:27:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b81c37b46e74549a61cfd2653c9672b2022-12-22T04:23:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2022-12-011010.3389/fphy.2022.10907691090769A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuitXiuyu Wang0Min Kang1Yang Zhao2Yue Su3Xu Zhang4Xurui Mao5School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaBeijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing, ChinaInstitute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaInstitute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaInstitute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaA self-powered IoT system with high integration, robust performance, and adaptability to complex environments is one of the current research hotspots. Piezoelectric materials have been widely used in pressure sensing and energy harvesting due to their stable output electrical properties. In this paper, a heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system based on a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) piezoelectric device and CMOS readout circuit is proposed. The piezoelectric sensor is fabricated by depositing electrodes on the surface of the 36°Y-cut LiNbO3 piezoelectric material. The sensitivity of the fabricated sensor is 17.5 mV/kPa. Based on the CSMC 0.18 μm BCD process, a ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on the current starvation delay element is designed as a wireless data transmission unit. The oscillator has two tuning terminals, which can realize frequency alignment and voltage threshold judgment. Using photolithography, wire bonding technology, etc., the heterogeneous integration of the Si-based chip and LiNbO3 piezoelectric device is realized. The experimental results show that below 1.8 V supply voltage, the oscillation frequency of the chip increases with the increase in the control terminal voltage, which provides an idea for solving the energy supply problem of an IoT system. This system has great application potential in the field of self-powered sensing.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.1090769/fullheterogeneous integrationself-poweredwireless sensingpiezoelectricLiNbO3 |
| spellingShingle | Xiuyu Wang Min Kang Yang Zhao Yue Su Xu Zhang Xurui Mao A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit Frontiers in Physics heterogeneous integration self-powered wireless sensing piezoelectric LiNbO3 |
| title | A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit |
| title_full | A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit |
| title_fullStr | A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit |
| title_full_unstemmed | A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit |
| title_short | A heterogeneous integrated self-powered IoT system of an LiNbO3 device and CMOS readout circuit |
| title_sort | heterogeneous integrated self powered iot system of an linbo3 device and cmos readout circuit |
| topic | heterogeneous integration self-powered wireless sensing piezoelectric LiNbO3 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.1090769/full |
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