DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave
Location fingerprint (LF) has been widely applied in indoor positioning. However, the existing studies on LF mostly focus on the fingerprint of Wi-Fi below 6 GHz, bluetooth, ultra wideband, and so on. The LF with millimeter-wave (mmWave) was rarely addressed. Since mmWave has the characteristics of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2017-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8039499/ |
| _version_ | 1819168474396622848 |
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| author | Zhiqing Wei Yadong Zhao Xinyi Liu Zhiyong Feng |
| author_facet | Zhiqing Wei Yadong Zhao Xinyi Liu Zhiyong Feng |
| author_sort | Zhiqing Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Location fingerprint (LF) has been widely applied in indoor positioning. However, the existing studies on LF mostly focus on the fingerprint of Wi-Fi below 6 GHz, bluetooth, ultra wideband, and so on. The LF with millimeter-wave (mmWave) was rarely addressed. Since mmWave has the characteristics of narrow beam, fast signal attenuation, and wide bandwidth, and so on, the positioning error can be reduced. In this paper, an LF positioning method with mmWave is proposed, which is named direction of arrival (DoA)-LF. Besides received signal strength indicator of access points (APs), the fingerprint database contains DoA information of APs, which is obtained via DoA estimation. Then the impact of the number of APs, the interval of reference points, the channel model of mmWave and the error of DoA estimation algorithm on positioning error is analyzed with Cramer-Rao lower bound. Finally, the proposed DoA-LF algorithm with mmWave is verified through simulations. The simulation results have proved that mmWave can reduce the positioning error due to the fact that mmWave has larger path loss exponent and smaller variance of shadow fading compared with low frequency signals. Besides, accurate DoA estimation can reduce the positioning error.Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:04:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b8a2879918a4825b2f0ae6d685a8912 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:04:11Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b8a2879918a4825b2f0ae6d685a89122022-12-21T18:15:52ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362017-01-015226782268810.1109/ACCESS.2017.27537818039499DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-WaveZhiqing Wei0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-2739Yadong Zhao1Xinyi Liu2Zhiyong Feng3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222XKey Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, ChinaLocation fingerprint (LF) has been widely applied in indoor positioning. However, the existing studies on LF mostly focus on the fingerprint of Wi-Fi below 6 GHz, bluetooth, ultra wideband, and so on. The LF with millimeter-wave (mmWave) was rarely addressed. Since mmWave has the characteristics of narrow beam, fast signal attenuation, and wide bandwidth, and so on, the positioning error can be reduced. In this paper, an LF positioning method with mmWave is proposed, which is named direction of arrival (DoA)-LF. Besides received signal strength indicator of access points (APs), the fingerprint database contains DoA information of APs, which is obtained via DoA estimation. Then the impact of the number of APs, the interval of reference points, the channel model of mmWave and the error of DoA estimation algorithm on positioning error is analyzed with Cramer-Rao lower bound. Finally, the proposed DoA-LF algorithm with mmWave is verified through simulations. The simulation results have proved that mmWave can reduce the positioning error due to the fact that mmWave has larger path loss exponent and smaller variance of shadow fading compared with low frequency signals. Besides, accurate DoA estimation can reduce the positioning error.Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8039499/Millimeter-wavelocation fingerprintdirection of arrival estimationCramer-Rao lower bound |
| spellingShingle | Zhiqing Wei Yadong Zhao Xinyi Liu Zhiyong Feng DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave IEEE Access Millimeter-wave location fingerprint direction of arrival estimation Cramer-Rao lower bound |
| title | DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave |
| title_full | DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave |
| title_fullStr | DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave |
| title_full_unstemmed | DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave |
| title_short | DoA-LF: A Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm With Millimeter-Wave |
| title_sort | doa lf a location fingerprint positioning algorithm with millimeter wave |
| topic | Millimeter-wave location fingerprint direction of arrival estimation Cramer-Rao lower bound |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8039499/ |
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