New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment
Cryptococcosis is an important opportunistic infection and a leading cause of meningitis in patients with HIV infection. The antifungal pharmacological treatment is limited to amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5- flucytosine. In addition to the limited pharmacological options, the high toxicity, incre...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/613 |
| _version_ | 1827718070497443840 |
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| author | Cristina de Castro Spadari Fernanda Wirth Luciana Biagini Lopes Kelly Ishida |
| author_facet | Cristina de Castro Spadari Fernanda Wirth Luciana Biagini Lopes Kelly Ishida |
| author_sort | Cristina de Castro Spadari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cryptococcosis is an important opportunistic infection and a leading cause of meningitis in patients with HIV infection. The antifungal pharmacological treatment is limited to amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5- flucytosine. In addition to the limited pharmacological options, the high toxicity, increased resistance rate and difficulty of the currently available antifungal molecules to cross the blood–brain barrier hamper the treatment. Thus, the search for new alternatives for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis is extremely necessary. In this review, we describe the therapeutic strategies currently available, discuss new molecules with antifungal potential in different phases of clinical trials and in advanced pre-clinical phase, and examine drug nanocarriers to improve delivery to the central nervous system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:16:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b8ac33286544148adfa224747e5fcc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:16:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b8ac33286544148adfa224747e5fcc42023-11-19T22:33:12ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-04-018461310.3390/microorganisms8040613New Approaches for Cryptococcosis TreatmentCristina de Castro Spadari0Fernanda Wirth1Luciana Biagini Lopes2Kelly Ishida3Laboratory of Antifungal Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilLaboratory of Antifungal Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilLaboratory of Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilLaboratory of Antifungal Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCryptococcosis is an important opportunistic infection and a leading cause of meningitis in patients with HIV infection. The antifungal pharmacological treatment is limited to amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5- flucytosine. In addition to the limited pharmacological options, the high toxicity, increased resistance rate and difficulty of the currently available antifungal molecules to cross the blood–brain barrier hamper the treatment. Thus, the search for new alternatives for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis is extremely necessary. In this review, we describe the therapeutic strategies currently available, discuss new molecules with antifungal potential in different phases of clinical trials and in advanced pre-clinical phase, and examine drug nanocarriers to improve delivery to the central nervous system.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/613antifungalblood–brain barriercentral nervous system<i>Cryptococcus</i>cryptococcal meningitisdrug repurposing |
| spellingShingle | Cristina de Castro Spadari Fernanda Wirth Luciana Biagini Lopes Kelly Ishida New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment Microorganisms antifungal blood–brain barrier central nervous system <i>Cryptococcus</i> cryptococcal meningitis drug repurposing |
| title | New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment |
| title_full | New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment |
| title_fullStr | New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment |
| title_short | New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment |
| title_sort | new approaches for cryptococcosis treatment |
| topic | antifungal blood–brain barrier central nervous system <i>Cryptococcus</i> cryptococcal meningitis drug repurposing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/613 |
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