The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review
The Bacillus cereus sensu lato group contains diverse Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria that can cause gastrointestinal diseases and severe eye infections in humans. They have also been incriminated in a multitude of other severe, and frequently fatal, clinical infections, such as osteomyelitis,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2013-06-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/6/1119 |
| _version_ | 1818014914987425792 |
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| author | Vincent Sanchis Nalini Ramarao |
| author_facet | Vincent Sanchis Nalini Ramarao |
| author_sort | Vincent Sanchis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Bacillus cereus sensu lato group contains diverse Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria that can cause gastrointestinal diseases and severe eye infections in humans. They have also been incriminated in a multitude of other severe, and frequently fatal, clinical infections, such as osteomyelitis, septicaemia, pneumonia, liver abscess and meningitis, particularly in immuno-compromised patients and preterm neonates. The pathogenic properties of this organism are mediated by the synergistic effects of a number of virulence products that promote intestinal cell destruction and/or resistance to the host immune system. This review focuses on the pore-forming haemolysins produced by B. cereus: haemolysin I (cereolysin O), haemolysin II, haemolysin III and haemolysin IV (CytK). Haemolysin I belongs to the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) family whose best known members are listeriolysin O and perfringolysin O, produced by L. monocytogenes and C. perfringens respectively. HlyII and CytK are oligomeric ß-barrel pore-forming toxins related to the α-toxin of S. aureus or the ß-toxin of C. perfringens. The structure of haemolysin III, the least characterized haemolytic toxin from the B. cereus, group has not yet been determined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:50:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b8d38520bcd462aa6566ce222741262 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:50:10Z |
| publishDate | 2013-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b8d38520bcd462aa6566ce2227412622022-12-22T02:07:02ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512013-06-01561119113910.3390/toxins5061119The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A ReviewVincent SanchisNalini RamaraoThe Bacillus cereus sensu lato group contains diverse Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria that can cause gastrointestinal diseases and severe eye infections in humans. They have also been incriminated in a multitude of other severe, and frequently fatal, clinical infections, such as osteomyelitis, septicaemia, pneumonia, liver abscess and meningitis, particularly in immuno-compromised patients and preterm neonates. The pathogenic properties of this organism are mediated by the synergistic effects of a number of virulence products that promote intestinal cell destruction and/or resistance to the host immune system. This review focuses on the pore-forming haemolysins produced by B. cereus: haemolysin I (cereolysin O), haemolysin II, haemolysin III and haemolysin IV (CytK). Haemolysin I belongs to the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) family whose best known members are listeriolysin O and perfringolysin O, produced by L. monocytogenes and C. perfringens respectively. HlyII and CytK are oligomeric ß-barrel pore-forming toxins related to the α-toxin of S. aureus or the ß-toxin of C. perfringens. The structure of haemolysin III, the least characterized haemolytic toxin from the B. cereus, group has not yet been determined.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/6/1119B. cereushaemolysinscereolysin Ohaemolysin IIhaemolysin IIIcytotoxin KPlcR |
| spellingShingle | Vincent Sanchis Nalini Ramarao The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review Toxins B. cereus haemolysins cereolysin O haemolysin II haemolysin III cytotoxin K PlcR |
| title | The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review |
| title_full | The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review |
| title_fullStr | The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review |
| title_short | The Pore-Forming Haemolysins of Bacillus Cereus: A Review |
| title_sort | pore forming haemolysins of bacillus cereus a review |
| topic | B. cereus haemolysins cereolysin O haemolysin II haemolysin III cytotoxin K PlcR |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/6/1119 |
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