Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, multifactorial disorder with an autoimmune etiology. RA is highly heritable and is associated with both human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes. We investigated the associations of 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with RA in the Saudi populati...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/15/4944 |
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| author | Maha Daghestani Nashwa Othman Mohammed A. Omair Fahidah Alenzi Maha A. Omair Eman Alqurtas Shireen Amin Arjumand Warsy |
| author_facet | Maha Daghestani Nashwa Othman Mohammed A. Omair Fahidah Alenzi Maha A. Omair Eman Alqurtas Shireen Amin Arjumand Warsy |
| author_sort | Maha Daghestani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, multifactorial disorder with an autoimmune etiology. RA is highly heritable and is associated with both human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes. We investigated the associations of 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with RA in the Saudi population. Methods: This study included 105 patients with RA and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. The patients with RA attended outpatient clinics at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted using Qiagen kits. Primers were designed for the 33 selected SNPs using the MassEXTEND primers program, and samples were genotyped on the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. The allele frequencies and genotypes were determined for each SNP, and the results obtained for the patients were compared to those for the controls. Results: The allele and genotype frequencies of six SNPs were significantly associated with RA: rs1188934, rs10919563, rs3087243, rs1980422, rs10499194, and rs629326. The minor alleles of rs1188934, rs10919563, rs10499194, and rs629326 were protective, with odds ratios of 0.542, 0.597, 0.589, and 0.625, and <i>p</i>-values of 0.002, 0.023, 0.013 and 0.036, respectively. In addition, the heterozygote frequencies of two SNPs (rs6859219 and rs11586238) were significantly higher in the controls than in the patients. Conclusions: There is considerable heterogeneity in the genetics of RA in different populations, and the SNPs that are associated with RA in some populations are not in others. We studied 33 SNPs and only eight were associated with RA. The remaining SNPs showed no allelic or genotypic associations with RA. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4b90040089de47c9b9b8f051b8559d822023-11-18T23:07:18ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-07-011215494410.3390/jcm12154944Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi PatientsMaha Daghestani0Nashwa Othman1Mohammed A. Omair2Fahidah Alenzi3Maha A. Omair4Eman Alqurtas5Shireen Amin6Arjumand Warsy7Department of Zoology, College of Science, Center for Science and Medical Studies for Girls, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCentral Laboratory, Center for Science and Medical Studies for Girls, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaRheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaRheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCentral Laboratory, Center for Science and Medical Studies for Girls, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCentral Laboratory, Center for Science and Medical Studies for Girls, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, multifactorial disorder with an autoimmune etiology. RA is highly heritable and is associated with both human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes. We investigated the associations of 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with RA in the Saudi population. Methods: This study included 105 patients with RA and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. The patients with RA attended outpatient clinics at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted using Qiagen kits. Primers were designed for the 33 selected SNPs using the MassEXTEND primers program, and samples were genotyped on the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. The allele frequencies and genotypes were determined for each SNP, and the results obtained for the patients were compared to those for the controls. Results: The allele and genotype frequencies of six SNPs were significantly associated with RA: rs1188934, rs10919563, rs3087243, rs1980422, rs10499194, and rs629326. The minor alleles of rs1188934, rs10919563, rs10499194, and rs629326 were protective, with odds ratios of 0.542, 0.597, 0.589, and 0.625, and <i>p</i>-values of 0.002, 0.023, 0.013 and 0.036, respectively. In addition, the heterozygote frequencies of two SNPs (rs6859219 and rs11586238) were significantly higher in the controls than in the patients. Conclusions: There is considerable heterogeneity in the genetics of RA in different populations, and the SNPs that are associated with RA in some populations are not in others. We studied 33 SNPs and only eight were associated with RA. The remaining SNPs showed no allelic or genotypic associations with RA.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/15/4944rheumatoid arthritissingle nucleotide polymorphismSaudi patientsRA genetics |
| spellingShingle | Maha Daghestani Nashwa Othman Mohammed A. Omair Fahidah Alenzi Maha A. Omair Eman Alqurtas Shireen Amin Arjumand Warsy Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients Journal of Clinical Medicine rheumatoid arthritis single nucleotide polymorphism Saudi patients RA genetics |
| title | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients |
| title_full | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients |
| title_fullStr | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients |
| title_short | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Patients |
| title_sort | single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis in saudi patients |
| topic | rheumatoid arthritis single nucleotide polymorphism Saudi patients RA genetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/15/4944 |
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