β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i>
Ginsenosides are a group of bioactive compounds isolated from <i>Panax ginseng</i>. Conventional major ginsenosides have a long history of use in traditional medicine for both illness prevention and therapy. Bioconversion processes have the potential to create new and valuable products i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/484 |
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| author | Thi Ngoc Anh Tran Jin-Sung Son Muhammad Awais Jae-Heung Ko Deok Chun Yang Seok-Kyu Jung |
| author_facet | Thi Ngoc Anh Tran Jin-Sung Son Muhammad Awais Jae-Heung Ko Deok Chun Yang Seok-Kyu Jung |
| author_sort | Thi Ngoc Anh Tran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ginsenosides are a group of bioactive compounds isolated from <i>Panax ginseng</i>. Conventional major ginsenosides have a long history of use in traditional medicine for both illness prevention and therapy. Bioconversion processes have the potential to create new and valuable products in pharmaceutical and biological activities, making them both critical for research and highly economic to implement. This has led to an increase in the number of studies that use major ginsenosides as a precursor to generate minor ones using β-glucosidase. Minor ginsenosides may also have useful properties but are difficult to isolate from raw ginseng because of their scarcity. Bioconversion processes have the potential to create novel minor ginsenosides from the more abundant major ginsenoside precursors in a cost-effective manner. While numerous bioconversion techniques have been developed, an increasing number of studies have reported that β-glucosidase can effectively and specifically generate minor ginsenosides. This paper summarizes the probable bioconversion mechanisms of two protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT) types. Other high-efficiency and high-value bioconversion processes using complete proteins isolated from bacterial biomass or recombinant enzymes are also discussed in this article. This paper also discusses the various conversion and analysis methods and their potential applications. Overall, this paper offers theoretical and technical foundations for future studies that will be both scientifically and economically significant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:13:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b96312d4a08417bb64489daad6224ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:13:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b96312d4a08417bb64489daad6224ed2023-11-17T18:22:44ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-04-0110448410.3390/bioengineering10040484β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i>Thi Ngoc Anh Tran0Jin-Sung Son1Muhammad Awais2Jae-Heung Ko3Deok Chun Yang4Seok-Kyu Jung5Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of KoreaGinsenosides are a group of bioactive compounds isolated from <i>Panax ginseng</i>. Conventional major ginsenosides have a long history of use in traditional medicine for both illness prevention and therapy. Bioconversion processes have the potential to create new and valuable products in pharmaceutical and biological activities, making them both critical for research and highly economic to implement. This has led to an increase in the number of studies that use major ginsenosides as a precursor to generate minor ones using β-glucosidase. Minor ginsenosides may also have useful properties but are difficult to isolate from raw ginseng because of their scarcity. Bioconversion processes have the potential to create novel minor ginsenosides from the more abundant major ginsenoside precursors in a cost-effective manner. While numerous bioconversion techniques have been developed, an increasing number of studies have reported that β-glucosidase can effectively and specifically generate minor ginsenosides. This paper summarizes the probable bioconversion mechanisms of two protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT) types. Other high-efficiency and high-value bioconversion processes using complete proteins isolated from bacterial biomass or recombinant enzymes are also discussed in this article. This paper also discusses the various conversion and analysis methods and their potential applications. Overall, this paper offers theoretical and technical foundations for future studies that will be both scientifically and economically significant.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/484β-glucosidase<i>Panax ginseng</i>ginsenosidesbioconversionrecombinant enzyme |
| spellingShingle | Thi Ngoc Anh Tran Jin-Sung Son Muhammad Awais Jae-Heung Ko Deok Chun Yang Seok-Kyu Jung β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> Bioengineering β-glucosidase <i>Panax ginseng</i> ginsenosides bioconversion recombinant enzyme |
| title | β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title_full | β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title_fullStr | β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title_short | β-Glucosidase and Its Application in Bioconversion of Ginsenosides in <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title_sort | β glucosidase and its application in bioconversion of ginsenosides in i panax ginseng i |
| topic | β-glucosidase <i>Panax ginseng</i> ginsenosides bioconversion recombinant enzyme |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/484 |
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