Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition
This paper presents the results of a test cycle of two types of silty sand (<i>siSa</i>) with different contents of fine fractions. Fine fractions are understood as soil grains with a grain diameter of less than 63 µm (as the sum of silt and clay fractions). The soils tested had a conten...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/8/4707 |
| _version_ | 1797606553826623488 |
|---|---|
| author | Kamil Sobczyk Ryszard Chmielewski Leopold Kruszka Ryszard Rekucki |
| author_facet | Kamil Sobczyk Ryszard Chmielewski Leopold Kruszka Ryszard Rekucki |
| author_sort | Kamil Sobczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents the results of a test cycle of two types of silty sand (<i>siSa</i>) with different contents of fine fractions. Fine fractions are understood as soil grains with a grain diameter of less than 63 µm (as the sum of silt and clay fractions). The soils tested had a content of fine fractions of <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 15.14% and <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 20.48%, respectively, before the study. Changes in the content of these fractions after the experiments were analyzed. These experiments consisted of dynamic bar projectile impact loading, and a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test stand was used in the study. Changes in the granulometric composition of the silty sands studied were carried out in a laser particle size analyzer, allowing measurement of fractional content in the grain size range from 0.01 µm to 3500 µm. As a result, a summary of changes in soil grain size curves in the range of fine fractions was compiled. Repeated trends were observed in the changes in the granulometric composition of the soil samples as a function of the moisture content of the soil sample (<i>w</i><sub>1</sub> = 0%, <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5%, <i>w</i><sub>3</sub> = 10%, and <i>w</i><sub>4</sub> = 15%) and the impact velocity of the loading bar projectile for SHPB pneumatic launcher pressures (<i>p</i><sub>1</sub> = 1.2 bar → <i>v</i><sub>1</sub> = 12.76 m/s, <i>p</i><sub>2</sub> = 1.8 bar → <i>v</i><sub>2</sub> = 17.69 m/s and <i>p</i><sub>3</sub> = 2.4 bar → <i>v</i><sub>3</sub> = 21.32 m/s). The influence of the initial moisture content of the investigated soil on the value of the optimum moisture content obtained during its dynamic compaction was discussed. The trend in the behavior of the change in the granulometric composition of the tested samples was determined, taking the value of the initial moisture content of the soil in relation to the optimum moisture content of the reference sample as a reference. The largest percentage change in granulometric composition through an increase in the value of the silt and clay fraction relative to the reference sample <i>f<sub>Si+Cl</sub></i> for both types of silty sand tested occurs for the same moisture content variant <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5%–for soil <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 15.14% there is an increase in the fine fraction of 11.08% and for soil <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 20.48% there is an increase in the fine fraction of 15.17%. In general, it can be seen that more silty soil is more strongly susceptible to the phenomenon of grain crushing for moisture content <i>w</i><sub>1</sub> = 0% and <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5% less than its optimum moisture content <i>w<sub>opt,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 8.70%. In contrast, less silty soil is more susceptible to the phenomenon of grain crushing for moisture contents <i>w</i><sub>3</sub> = 10% and <i>w</i><sub>4</sub> = 15% greater than its optimum moisture content <i>w<sub>opt,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 9.20%. The presented dynamic physical phenomenon of soil behavior is crucial during explosive and impact impacts on structures made of soil, e.g., as ground protection layers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:16:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b9aec5918dd429ba6b273db6c080b52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:16:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b9aec5918dd429ba6b273db6c080b522023-11-17T18:08:03ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-04-01138470710.3390/app13084707Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric CompositionKamil Sobczyk0Ryszard Chmielewski1Leopold Kruszka2Ryszard Rekucki3Department of Military Engineering and Military Infrastructure, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwester Kaliski Str., 00-908 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Military Engineering and Military Infrastructure, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwester Kaliski Str., 00-908 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Military Engineering and Military Infrastructure, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwester Kaliski Str., 00-908 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Military Engineering and Military Infrastructure, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. Sylwester Kaliski Str., 00-908 Warsaw, PolandThis paper presents the results of a test cycle of two types of silty sand (<i>siSa</i>) with different contents of fine fractions. Fine fractions are understood as soil grains with a grain diameter of less than 63 µm (as the sum of silt and clay fractions). The soils tested had a content of fine fractions of <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 15.14% and <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 20.48%, respectively, before the study. Changes in the content of these fractions after the experiments were analyzed. These experiments consisted of dynamic bar projectile impact loading, and a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test stand was used in the study. Changes in the granulometric composition of the silty sands studied were carried out in a laser particle size analyzer, allowing measurement of fractional content in the grain size range from 0.01 µm to 3500 µm. As a result, a summary of changes in soil grain size curves in the range of fine fractions was compiled. Repeated trends were observed in the changes in the granulometric composition of the soil samples as a function of the moisture content of the soil sample (<i>w</i><sub>1</sub> = 0%, <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5%, <i>w</i><sub>3</sub> = 10%, and <i>w</i><sub>4</sub> = 15%) and the impact velocity of the loading bar projectile for SHPB pneumatic launcher pressures (<i>p</i><sub>1</sub> = 1.2 bar → <i>v</i><sub>1</sub> = 12.76 m/s, <i>p</i><sub>2</sub> = 1.8 bar → <i>v</i><sub>2</sub> = 17.69 m/s and <i>p</i><sub>3</sub> = 2.4 bar → <i>v</i><sub>3</sub> = 21.32 m/s). The influence of the initial moisture content of the investigated soil on the value of the optimum moisture content obtained during its dynamic compaction was discussed. The trend in the behavior of the change in the granulometric composition of the tested samples was determined, taking the value of the initial moisture content of the soil in relation to the optimum moisture content of the reference sample as a reference. The largest percentage change in granulometric composition through an increase in the value of the silt and clay fraction relative to the reference sample <i>f<sub>Si+Cl</sub></i> for both types of silty sand tested occurs for the same moisture content variant <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5%–for soil <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 15.14% there is an increase in the fine fraction of 11.08% and for soil <i>f<sub>Si+Cl,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 20.48% there is an increase in the fine fraction of 15.17%. In general, it can be seen that more silty soil is more strongly susceptible to the phenomenon of grain crushing for moisture content <i>w</i><sub>1</sub> = 0% and <i>w</i><sub>2</sub> = 5% less than its optimum moisture content <i>w<sub>opt,</sub></i><sub>1</sub> = 8.70%. In contrast, less silty soil is more susceptible to the phenomenon of grain crushing for moisture contents <i>w</i><sub>3</sub> = 10% and <i>w</i><sub>4</sub> = 15% greater than its optimum moisture content <i>w<sub>opt,</sub></i><sub>2</sub> = 9.20%. The presented dynamic physical phenomenon of soil behavior is crucial during explosive and impact impacts on structures made of soil, e.g., as ground protection layers.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/8/4707granulometric compositiongrain crushinglaser particle size analyzersilty sandsoilhigh strain rate |
| spellingShingle | Kamil Sobczyk Ryszard Chmielewski Leopold Kruszka Ryszard Rekucki Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition Applied Sciences granulometric composition grain crushing laser particle size analyzer silty sand soil high strain rate |
| title | Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition |
| title_full | Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition |
| title_short | Analysis of the Influence of Silty Sands Moisture Content and Impact Velocity in SHPB Testing on Their Compactability and Change in Granulometric Composition |
| title_sort | analysis of the influence of silty sands moisture content and impact velocity in shpb testing on their compactability and change in granulometric composition |
| topic | granulometric composition grain crushing laser particle size analyzer silty sand soil high strain rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/8/4707 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kamilsobczyk analysisoftheinfluenceofsiltysandsmoisturecontentandimpactvelocityinshpbtestingontheircompactabilityandchangeingranulometriccomposition AT ryszardchmielewski analysisoftheinfluenceofsiltysandsmoisturecontentandimpactvelocityinshpbtestingontheircompactabilityandchangeingranulometriccomposition AT leopoldkruszka analysisoftheinfluenceofsiltysandsmoisturecontentandimpactvelocityinshpbtestingontheircompactabilityandchangeingranulometriccomposition AT ryszardrekucki analysisoftheinfluenceofsiltysandsmoisturecontentandimpactvelocityinshpbtestingontheircompactabilityandchangeingranulometriccomposition |