Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis
Background and aimsVitamin C, as an antioxidant, may play a role in the treatment of NAFLD. This research aimed to investigate the association of serum vitamin C levels with the risk of NAFLD and to further examine the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsThe cross-secti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1162031/full |
| _version_ | 1797828994464219136 |
|---|---|
| author | Hui Wu Jiang-Long Guo Jiang-Long Guo Jing-Jiong Yao Jing-Jiong Yao Jia-Jun Yu Jia-Jun Yu Run-Yu Xia Run-Yu Xia Wei-Qing Huang Wei-Qing Huang Xuan Tang Xuan Tang Guang-Ming He |
| author_facet | Hui Wu Jiang-Long Guo Jiang-Long Guo Jing-Jiong Yao Jing-Jiong Yao Jia-Jun Yu Jia-Jun Yu Run-Yu Xia Run-Yu Xia Wei-Qing Huang Wei-Qing Huang Xuan Tang Xuan Tang Guang-Ming He |
| author_sort | Hui Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and aimsVitamin C, as an antioxidant, may play a role in the treatment of NAFLD. This research aimed to investigate the association of serum vitamin C levels with the risk of NAFLD and to further examine the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsThe cross-sectional study selected 5,578 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2006 and 2017–2018. The association of serum vitamin C levels with NAFLD risk was evaluated under a multivariable logistic regression model. A two-sample MR study, using genetic data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of serum vitamin C levels (52,014 individuals) and NAFLD (primary analysis: 1,483 cases /17,781 controls; secondary analysis: 1,908 cases/340,591 controls), was conducted to infer causality between them. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) was applied as the main method of MR analysis. A series of sensitivity analyzes were used to evaluate the pleiotropy.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, results showed that Tertile 3 group (Tertile 3: ≥1.06 mg/dl) had a significantly lower risk (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48 ~ 0.74, p < 0.001) of NAFLD than Tertile 1 group (Tertile 1: ≤0.69 mg/dl) after full adjustments. In regard to gender, serum vitamin C was protective against NAFLD in both women (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49 ~ 0.80, p < 0.001) and men (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55 ~ 0.97, p = 0.029) but was stronger among women. However, in the IVW of MR analyzes, no causal relationship between serum vitamin C levels and NAFLD risk was observed in the primary analysis (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.47 ~ 1.45, p = 0.502) and secondary analysis (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.53 ~ 1.22, p = 0.308). MR sensitivity analyzes yielded consistent results.ConclusionOur MR study did not support a causal association between serum vitamin C levels and NAFLD risk. Further studies with greater cases are warranted to confirm our findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:13:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ba7799945f940d3910f67cf50f36f0b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:13:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ba7799945f940d3910f67cf50f36f0b2023-05-12T05:43:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-05-011010.3389/fnut.2023.11620311162031Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysisHui Wu0Jiang-Long Guo1Jiang-Long Guo2Jing-Jiong Yao3Jing-Jiong Yao4Jia-Jun Yu5Jia-Jun Yu6Run-Yu Xia7Run-Yu Xia8Wei-Qing Huang9Wei-Qing Huang10Xuan Tang11Xuan Tang12Guang-Ming He13Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Imaging, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Imaging, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaBackground and aimsVitamin C, as an antioxidant, may play a role in the treatment of NAFLD. This research aimed to investigate the association of serum vitamin C levels with the risk of NAFLD and to further examine the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsThe cross-sectional study selected 5,578 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2006 and 2017–2018. The association of serum vitamin C levels with NAFLD risk was evaluated under a multivariable logistic regression model. A two-sample MR study, using genetic data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of serum vitamin C levels (52,014 individuals) and NAFLD (primary analysis: 1,483 cases /17,781 controls; secondary analysis: 1,908 cases/340,591 controls), was conducted to infer causality between them. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) was applied as the main method of MR analysis. A series of sensitivity analyzes were used to evaluate the pleiotropy.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, results showed that Tertile 3 group (Tertile 3: ≥1.06 mg/dl) had a significantly lower risk (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48 ~ 0.74, p < 0.001) of NAFLD than Tertile 1 group (Tertile 1: ≤0.69 mg/dl) after full adjustments. In regard to gender, serum vitamin C was protective against NAFLD in both women (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49 ~ 0.80, p < 0.001) and men (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55 ~ 0.97, p = 0.029) but was stronger among women. However, in the IVW of MR analyzes, no causal relationship between serum vitamin C levels and NAFLD risk was observed in the primary analysis (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.47 ~ 1.45, p = 0.502) and secondary analysis (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.53 ~ 1.22, p = 0.308). MR sensitivity analyzes yielded consistent results.ConclusionOur MR study did not support a causal association between serum vitamin C levels and NAFLD risk. Further studies with greater cases are warranted to confirm our findings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1162031/fullvitamin CMendelian randomizationNHANESNAFLDcross-sectional study |
| spellingShingle | Hui Wu Jiang-Long Guo Jiang-Long Guo Jing-Jiong Yao Jing-Jiong Yao Jia-Jun Yu Jia-Jun Yu Run-Yu Xia Run-Yu Xia Wei-Qing Huang Wei-Qing Huang Xuan Tang Xuan Tang Guang-Ming He Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis Frontiers in Nutrition vitamin C Mendelian randomization NHANES NAFLD cross-sectional study |
| title | Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_full | Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_fullStr | Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_short | Serum vitamin C levels and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_sort | serum vitamin c levels and risk of non alcoholic fatty liver disease results from a cross sectional study and mendelian randomization analysis |
| topic | vitamin C Mendelian randomization NHANES NAFLD cross-sectional study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1162031/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huiwu serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jianglongguo serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jianglongguo serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jingjiongyao serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jingjiongyao serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jiajunyu serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT jiajunyu serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT runyuxia serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT runyuxia serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT weiqinghuang serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT weiqinghuang serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT xuantang serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT xuantang serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis AT guangminghe serumvitaminclevelsandriskofnonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseresultsfromacrosssectionalstudyandmendelianrandomizationanalysis |