Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout
Antoine Janot and Paul Gout were 18th-century master dyers who specialised in the piece-dyeing of fine wool broadcloths manufactured in Languedoc (southern France) for exportation to the Levant. They wrote treatises, similarly entitled <i>Mémoires de Teinture</i> (Memoirs on Dyeing), ill...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/12/391 |
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| author | Mara Santo Dominique Cardon Natércia Teixeira Paula Nabais |
| author_facet | Mara Santo Dominique Cardon Natércia Teixeira Paula Nabais |
| author_sort | Mara Santo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antoine Janot and Paul Gout were 18th-century master dyers who specialised in the piece-dyeing of fine wool broadcloths manufactured in Languedoc (southern France) for exportation to the Levant. They wrote treatises, similarly entitled <i>Mémoires de Teinture</i> (Memoirs on Dyeing), illustrated with dozens of dyed textile samples. Janot’s is dated 1744, and Gout’s is dated 1763. These books are full of extremely valuable information, which is unique to its time: the books are composed of carefully described recipes for every colour, each originally preceded by a sample swatch. The yellows of both master dyers made from weld (<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.), belonging to recipes described as Jaune (yellow), were reproduced. The influence of the ingredients, in both the mordanting and dyeing baths, was assessed, and the timings for both baths, which in many recipes are not clear, were tested. This provided key knowledge on the technological processes for dyeing with weld from these 18th c. French masters. The resulting reference samples were preliminarily analysed by a multi-analytical approach. Their chromatic specifications, expressed in the CIEL*a*b*, were compared with those in the <i>Mémoires</i>. Moreover, the influence of the recipe on the percentages of the chromophores was assessed by HPLC-DAD. It was found that the bran and tartar in the mordanting bath influence the final obtained colour and that lime is essential to obtain a bright yellow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:43:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4bc10741aca14bd8a0a68025856dd87d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-9408 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:43:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heritage |
| spelling | doaj.art-4bc10741aca14bd8a0a68025856dd87d2023-12-22T14:12:15ZengMDPI AGHeritage2571-94082023-11-016127466748110.3390/heritage6120391Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul GoutMara Santo0Dominique Cardon1Natércia Teixeira2Paula Nabais3LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School for Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, PortugalCIHAM/UMR 5648 CNRS, 14 av. Berthelot, CEDEX 07, 69363 Lyon, FranceLAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, PortugalLAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School for Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, PortugalAntoine Janot and Paul Gout were 18th-century master dyers who specialised in the piece-dyeing of fine wool broadcloths manufactured in Languedoc (southern France) for exportation to the Levant. They wrote treatises, similarly entitled <i>Mémoires de Teinture</i> (Memoirs on Dyeing), illustrated with dozens of dyed textile samples. Janot’s is dated 1744, and Gout’s is dated 1763. These books are full of extremely valuable information, which is unique to its time: the books are composed of carefully described recipes for every colour, each originally preceded by a sample swatch. The yellows of both master dyers made from weld (<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.), belonging to recipes described as Jaune (yellow), were reproduced. The influence of the ingredients, in both the mordanting and dyeing baths, was assessed, and the timings for both baths, which in many recipes are not clear, were tested. This provided key knowledge on the technological processes for dyeing with weld from these 18th c. French masters. The resulting reference samples were preliminarily analysed by a multi-analytical approach. Their chromatic specifications, expressed in the CIEL*a*b*, were compared with those in the <i>Mémoires</i>. Moreover, the influence of the recipe on the percentages of the chromophores was assessed by HPLC-DAD. It was found that the bran and tartar in the mordanting bath influence the final obtained colour and that lime is essential to obtain a bright yellow.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/12/391dyed textilesweld<i>Reseda luteola</i>tartarlimemaster dyers |
| spellingShingle | Mara Santo Dominique Cardon Natércia Teixeira Paula Nabais Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout Heritage dyed textiles weld <i>Reseda luteola</i> tartar lime master dyers |
| title | Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout |
| title_full | Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout |
| title_fullStr | Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout |
| title_full_unstemmed | Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout |
| title_short | Yellow Dyes of Historical Importance: A Handful of Weld Yellows from the 18th-Century Recipe Books of French Master Dyers Antoine Janot and Paul Gout |
| title_sort | yellow dyes of historical importance a handful of weld yellows from the 18th century recipe books of french master dyers antoine janot and paul gout |
| topic | dyed textiles weld <i>Reseda luteola</i> tartar lime master dyers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/12/391 |
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