Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>
This study aimed to optimize the colistin-based antibacterial therapy to prevent antimicrobial resistance related to biofilm formation in avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) in chicken. Of all the bacterial isolates (<i>n</i> = 136), 69 were identified as APEC by...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1525 |
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| author | Na-Hye Park Seung-Jin Lee Eon-Bee Lee Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu Seung-Chun Park |
| author_facet | Na-Hye Park Seung-Jin Lee Eon-Bee Lee Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu Seung-Chun Park |
| author_sort | Na-Hye Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to optimize the colistin-based antibacterial therapy to prevent antimicrobial resistance related to biofilm formation in avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) in chicken. Of all the bacterial isolates (<i>n</i> = 136), 69 were identified as APEC by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Through a series of antibiotic susceptibility tests, susceptibility to colistin (<2 μg/mL) was confirmed in all isolates. Hence, a mutant selection window (MSW) was determined to obtain colistin-induced resistant bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin against the colistin-induced resistant APEC strains ranged from 8 to 16 μg/mL. To identify the inhibitory activity of colistin against the resistant strains, the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) was investigated for 72 h, and the single and multi-dose colistin activities were determined through the time-kill curve against APEC strains. Bacterial regrowth occurred after 12 h at a double MIC<sub>50</sub> concentration (1.00 μg/mL), and regrowth was not inhibited even during multiple exposures. However, upon exposure to 8 μg/mL—a concentration that was close to the MPC—the growth of APEC was inhibited, including in the resistant strains. Additionally, colistin-induced resistant strains showed a slower growth compared with the susceptible ones. Colistin-induced resistant APEC strains did not show colistin resistance gene (<i>mcr-1</i>). However, the expression of higher <i>mgrB</i> and <i>phoQ</i> levels was observed in the resistant strains. Furthermore, these strains showed increased formation of biofilm. Hence, the present study indicated that colistin could induce resistance through the increased formation of biofilm in APEC strains by enhancing the expression of <i>phoQ</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:09:51Z |
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| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:09:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-4bcdfeaa9fdd4bfd8780259b867137542023-11-23T00:54:39ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-11-011011152510.3390/pathogens10111525Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>Na-Hye Park0Seung-Jin Lee1Eon-Bee Lee2Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu3Seung-Chun Park4Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaReproductive and Developmental Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, KoreaLaboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, KoreaLaboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, KoreaLaboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, KoreaThis study aimed to optimize the colistin-based antibacterial therapy to prevent antimicrobial resistance related to biofilm formation in avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) in chicken. Of all the bacterial isolates (<i>n</i> = 136), 69 were identified as APEC by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Through a series of antibiotic susceptibility tests, susceptibility to colistin (<2 μg/mL) was confirmed in all isolates. Hence, a mutant selection window (MSW) was determined to obtain colistin-induced resistant bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin against the colistin-induced resistant APEC strains ranged from 8 to 16 μg/mL. To identify the inhibitory activity of colistin against the resistant strains, the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) was investigated for 72 h, and the single and multi-dose colistin activities were determined through the time-kill curve against APEC strains. Bacterial regrowth occurred after 12 h at a double MIC<sub>50</sub> concentration (1.00 μg/mL), and regrowth was not inhibited even during multiple exposures. However, upon exposure to 8 μg/mL—a concentration that was close to the MPC—the growth of APEC was inhibited, including in the resistant strains. Additionally, colistin-induced resistant strains showed a slower growth compared with the susceptible ones. Colistin-induced resistant APEC strains did not show colistin resistance gene (<i>mcr-1</i>). However, the expression of higher <i>mgrB</i> and <i>phoQ</i> levels was observed in the resistant strains. Furthermore, these strains showed increased formation of biofilm. Hence, the present study indicated that colistin could induce resistance through the increased formation of biofilm in APEC strains by enhancing the expression of <i>phoQ</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1525antibacterial therapycolistinAvian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC)antibiotic resistancebiofilm formation |
| spellingShingle | Na-Hye Park Seung-Jin Lee Eon-Bee Lee Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu Seung-Chun Park Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Pathogens antibacterial therapy colistin Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) antibiotic resistance biofilm formation |
| title | Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> |
| title_full | Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> |
| title_fullStr | Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> |
| title_short | Colistin Induces Resistance through Biofilm Formation, via Increased <i>phoQ</i> Expression, in Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> |
| title_sort | colistin induces resistance through biofilm formation via increased i phoq i expression in avian pathogenic i escherichia coli i |
| topic | antibacterial therapy colistin Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) antibiotic resistance biofilm formation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1525 |
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