Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy
With the ever-growing concern for human health and wellbeing, the prenatal period of development requires special attention since fetuses can be exposed to various metals through the mother. Therefore, this study explored the status of selected toxic (<i>Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Pt, Ce, Rb, Sr, U</i...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8078 |
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| author | Jovana Jagodić Slađan Pavlović Slavica Borković-Mitić Milan Perović Željko Miković Slađana Đurđić Dragan Manojlović Aleksandar Stojsavljević |
| author_facet | Jovana Jagodić Slađan Pavlović Slavica Borković-Mitić Milan Perović Željko Miković Slađana Đurđić Dragan Manojlović Aleksandar Stojsavljević |
| author_sort | Jovana Jagodić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the ever-growing concern for human health and wellbeing, the prenatal period of development requires special attention since fetuses can be exposed to various metals through the mother. Therefore, this study explored the status of selected toxic (<i>Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Pt, Ce, Rb, Sr, U</i>) and essential trace metals (<i>Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se</i>) in the umbilical cord (UC) sera, maternal sera, and placental tissue samples of 92 healthy women with normal pregnancies. A further aim focuses on the potential transplacental transfer of these trace metals. Based on the obtained levels of investigated elements in clinical samples, it was observed that all of the trace metals cross the placental barrier and reach the fetus. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed significant differences in levels of toxic <i>Ni, As, Cd, U, Sr, Rb</i>, and essential <i>Mn, Cu,</i> and <i>Zn</i> between all three types of analyzed clinical samples. Correlation analysis highlighted <i>As</i> to be an element with levels that differed significantly between all tested samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to enhance these findings. PCA demonstrated that <i>Cd, Mn, Zn, Rb, Ce, U</i>, and <i>Sr</i> were the most influential trace metals in distinguishing placenta from maternal and UC serum samples. <i>As, Co</i>, and <i>Cu</i> were responsible for the clustering of maternal serum samples, and PCA demonstrated that the Pt level in UC sera was responsible for the clustering of these samples. Overall, the findings of this study could contribute to a better understanding of transplacental transfer of these trace metals, and shed a light on overall levels of metal exposure in the population of healthy pregnant women and their fetuses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:24:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4bf2f4464e9f4f57b4364b51d4e84771 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:24:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4bf2f4464e9f4f57b4364b51d4e847712023-12-03T12:38:16ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-07-012315807810.3390/ijms23158078Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in PregnancyJovana Jagodić0Slađan Pavlović1Slavica Borković-Mitić2Milan Perović3Željko Miković4Slađana Đurđić5Dragan Manojlović6Aleksandar Stojsavljević7Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics Narodni Front, Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade, Kraljice Natalije 62, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics Narodni Front, Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade, Kraljice Natalije 62, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaWith the ever-growing concern for human health and wellbeing, the prenatal period of development requires special attention since fetuses can be exposed to various metals through the mother. Therefore, this study explored the status of selected toxic (<i>Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Pt, Ce, Rb, Sr, U</i>) and essential trace metals (<i>Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se</i>) in the umbilical cord (UC) sera, maternal sera, and placental tissue samples of 92 healthy women with normal pregnancies. A further aim focuses on the potential transplacental transfer of these trace metals. Based on the obtained levels of investigated elements in clinical samples, it was observed that all of the trace metals cross the placental barrier and reach the fetus. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed significant differences in levels of toxic <i>Ni, As, Cd, U, Sr, Rb</i>, and essential <i>Mn, Cu,</i> and <i>Zn</i> between all three types of analyzed clinical samples. Correlation analysis highlighted <i>As</i> to be an element with levels that differed significantly between all tested samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to enhance these findings. PCA demonstrated that <i>Cd, Mn, Zn, Rb, Ce, U</i>, and <i>Sr</i> were the most influential trace metals in distinguishing placenta from maternal and UC serum samples. <i>As, Co</i>, and <i>Cu</i> were responsible for the clustering of maternal serum samples, and PCA demonstrated that the Pt level in UC sera was responsible for the clustering of these samples. Overall, the findings of this study could contribute to a better understanding of transplacental transfer of these trace metals, and shed a light on overall levels of metal exposure in the population of healthy pregnant women and their fetuses.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8078umbilical cord serummaternal serumplacentatoxic trace metalsessential trace metals |
| spellingShingle | Jovana Jagodić Slađan Pavlović Slavica Borković-Mitić Milan Perović Željko Miković Slađana Đurđić Dragan Manojlović Aleksandar Stojsavljević Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy International Journal of Molecular Sciences umbilical cord serum maternal serum placenta toxic trace metals essential trace metals |
| title | Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy |
| title_full | Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy |
| title_fullStr | Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy |
| title_short | Examination of Trace Metals and Their Potential Transplacental Transfer in Pregnancy |
| title_sort | examination of trace metals and their potential transplacental transfer in pregnancy |
| topic | umbilical cord serum maternal serum placenta toxic trace metals essential trace metals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8078 |
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