Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes
The single-leg squat (SLS) represents a functional movement task for determining leg function. Objective movement analysis is required to evaluate inter-limb symmetry and movement coordination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate inter-limb symmetry of SLS kinematics and movement coordination...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/388 |
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| author | Korbinian Sebastian Hermann Ksoll Matthias Cotic Kathrin Schmalzl Knut Beitzel Andrea Achtnich Andreas Imhoff Ansgar Schwirtz Florian Kreuzpointner Wolfgang Seiberl |
| author_facet | Korbinian Sebastian Hermann Ksoll Matthias Cotic Kathrin Schmalzl Knut Beitzel Andrea Achtnich Andreas Imhoff Ansgar Schwirtz Florian Kreuzpointner Wolfgang Seiberl |
| author_sort | Korbinian Sebastian Hermann Ksoll |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The single-leg squat (SLS) represents a functional movement task for determining leg function. Objective movement analysis is required to evaluate inter-limb symmetry and movement coordination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate inter-limb symmetry of SLS kinematics and movement coordination using the modified vector coding technique. A 3D motion capture system and electromyography were used to assess SLS execution and muscle activation of hip ab- and adductors of 17 healthy, recreational athletes. Coordination patterns of hip, knee, and ankle joint movement were assessed by the modified vector coding technique. Statistical parametric mapping revealed no significant differences between both legs (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Inter-limb symmetry also appeared in movement coordination (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Additionally, the analysis of movement coordination indicates knee-dominant, in-phase coordination. However, coordination patterns were different between downward movement, change of direction, and upward movement (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Since perturbations during SLS execution, such as moments of imbalance, occur as anti-phase coordination patterns, the analysis of coordination patterns can be used as a new evaluation method for SLS performance. Furthermore, the modified vector coding technique might be helpful to analyze different compensation strategies during the SLS in symptomatic individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:57:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c02450fa9b642b2b0a5904837604244 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:57:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c02450fa9b642b2b0a59048376042442023-11-23T22:17:45ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942022-02-0114238810.3390/sym14020388Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational AthletesKorbinian Sebastian Hermann Ksoll0Matthias Cotic1Kathrin Schmalzl2Knut Beitzel3Andrea Achtnich4Andreas Imhoff5Ansgar Schwirtz6Florian Kreuzpointner7Wolfgang Seiberl8Department of Human Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, GermanyPrevention Center, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80809 Munich, GermanyATOS Orthoparc Clinic GmbH, 50858 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, GermanyBiomechanics in Sport, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, 80992 Munich, GermanyPrevention Center, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80809 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Human Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, GermanyThe single-leg squat (SLS) represents a functional movement task for determining leg function. Objective movement analysis is required to evaluate inter-limb symmetry and movement coordination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate inter-limb symmetry of SLS kinematics and movement coordination using the modified vector coding technique. A 3D motion capture system and electromyography were used to assess SLS execution and muscle activation of hip ab- and adductors of 17 healthy, recreational athletes. Coordination patterns of hip, knee, and ankle joint movement were assessed by the modified vector coding technique. Statistical parametric mapping revealed no significant differences between both legs (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Inter-limb symmetry also appeared in movement coordination (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Additionally, the analysis of movement coordination indicates knee-dominant, in-phase coordination. However, coordination patterns were different between downward movement, change of direction, and upward movement (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Since perturbations during SLS execution, such as moments of imbalance, occur as anti-phase coordination patterns, the analysis of coordination patterns can be used as a new evaluation method for SLS performance. Furthermore, the modified vector coding technique might be helpful to analyze different compensation strategies during the SLS in symptomatic individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/388single-leg squatmovement coordinationmodified vector coding techniquemovement symmetrykneeprevention and rehabilitation |
| spellingShingle | Korbinian Sebastian Hermann Ksoll Matthias Cotic Kathrin Schmalzl Knut Beitzel Andrea Achtnich Andreas Imhoff Ansgar Schwirtz Florian Kreuzpointner Wolfgang Seiberl Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes Symmetry single-leg squat movement coordination modified vector coding technique movement symmetry knee prevention and rehabilitation |
| title | Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes |
| title_full | Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes |
| title_fullStr | Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes |
| title_short | Movement Coordination during Functional Single-Leg Squat Tests in Healthy, Recreational Athletes |
| title_sort | movement coordination during functional single leg squat tests in healthy recreational athletes |
| topic | single-leg squat movement coordination modified vector coding technique movement symmetry knee prevention and rehabilitation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/388 |
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