Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains
Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are widespread in various microbes and protect them against harsh environments. Here, four different <i>Aphanizomenon</i> species were isolated from severely eutrophic waterbodies, Lake Dianchi and the Guanqiao fishpond. Morphological characters and mo...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| author | Hang Zhang Yongguang Jiang Chi Zhou Youxin Chen Gongliang Yu Liping Zheng Honglin Guan Renhui Li |
| author_facet | Hang Zhang Yongguang Jiang Chi Zhou Youxin Chen Gongliang Yu Liping Zheng Honglin Guan Renhui Li |
| author_sort | Hang Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are widespread in various microbes and protect them against harsh environments. Here, four different <i>Aphanizomenon</i> species were isolated from severely eutrophic waterbodies, Lake Dianchi and the Guanqiao fishpond. Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis verified that the CHAB5919, 5921, and 5926 strains belonged to the <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> clade while Guanqiao01 belonged to the <i>Aphanizomenon</i> gracile clade. Full wavelength scanning proved that there was obvious maximal absorption at 334 nm through purified methanol extraction, and these substances were further analyzed by HPLC and UPLC-MS-MS. The results showed that two kinds of MAAs were discovered in the cultured <i>Aphanizomenon</i> strains. One molecular weight was 333.28 and the other was 347.25, and the daughter fragment patterns were in accordance with the previously articles reported shinorine and porphyra-334 ion characters. The concentration of the MAAs was calibrated from semi-prepared MAAs standards from dry cells of <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> PCC7806 algal powder, and the purity of shinorine and porphyra-334 were 90.2% and 85.4%, respectively. The average concentrations of shinorine and porphyra-334 were 0.307–0.385 µg/mg and 0.111–0.136 µg/mg in <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> species, respectively. And there was only one kind of MAAs (shinorine) in <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> species.,with a content of 0.003–0.049 µg/mg dry weight among all <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> strains. The shinorine concentration in <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> was higher than that in <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> strains. The total MAAs production can be ranked as <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> > <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i>. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4c0c04876fe044e08094745b459960d12023-11-23T23:28:55ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-03-01275173410.3390/molecules27051734Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> StrainsHang Zhang0Yongguang Jiang1Chi Zhou2Youxin Chen3Gongliang Yu4Liping Zheng5Honglin Guan6Renhui Li7Hubei Water Resources Research Institute, Hubei Water Resources and Hydropower Science and Technology Information Center, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Water Resources Research Institute, Hubei Water Resources and Hydropower Science and Technology Promotion Center, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, ChinaBGI Genomics Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430072, ChinaHubei Water Resources Research Institute, Hubei Water Resources and Hydropower Science and Technology Information Center, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, ChinaMycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are widespread in various microbes and protect them against harsh environments. Here, four different <i>Aphanizomenon</i> species were isolated from severely eutrophic waterbodies, Lake Dianchi and the Guanqiao fishpond. Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis verified that the CHAB5919, 5921, and 5926 strains belonged to the <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> clade while Guanqiao01 belonged to the <i>Aphanizomenon</i> gracile clade. Full wavelength scanning proved that there was obvious maximal absorption at 334 nm through purified methanol extraction, and these substances were further analyzed by HPLC and UPLC-MS-MS. The results showed that two kinds of MAAs were discovered in the cultured <i>Aphanizomenon</i> strains. One molecular weight was 333.28 and the other was 347.25, and the daughter fragment patterns were in accordance with the previously articles reported shinorine and porphyra-334 ion characters. The concentration of the MAAs was calibrated from semi-prepared MAAs standards from dry cells of <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> PCC7806 algal powder, and the purity of shinorine and porphyra-334 were 90.2% and 85.4%, respectively. The average concentrations of shinorine and porphyra-334 were 0.307–0.385 µg/mg and 0.111–0.136 µg/mg in <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> species, respectively. And there was only one kind of MAAs (shinorine) in <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> species.,with a content of 0.003–0.049 µg/mg dry weight among all <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> strains. The shinorine concentration in <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> was higher than that in <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i> strains. The total MAAs production can be ranked as <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i> > <i>Aphanizomenon gracile</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1734<i>Aphanizomenon</i> strainsbloom-forming cyanobacteriamorphological and phylogenetic analysisMAAsidentification and quantification |
| spellingShingle | Hang Zhang Yongguang Jiang Chi Zhou Youxin Chen Gongliang Yu Liping Zheng Honglin Guan Renhui Li Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains Molecules <i>Aphanizomenon</i> strains bloom-forming cyanobacteria morphological and phylogenetic analysis MAAs identification and quantification |
| title | Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains |
| title_full | Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains |
| title_short | Occurrence of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) from the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria <i>Aphanizomenon</i> Strains |
| title_sort | occurrence of mycosporine like amino acids maas from the bloom forming cyanobacteria i aphanizomenon i strains |
| topic | <i>Aphanizomenon</i> strains bloom-forming cyanobacteria morphological and phylogenetic analysis MAAs identification and quantification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1734 |
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