Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions
This study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in cats undergoing dental extractions and the effects of the caregiver's presence on the FGS scores. Twenty-four cats (6 ± 3.3 years old; 4.9 ± 1.7 kg) undergoing oral treatment were included in a prospec...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00302/full |
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| author | Ryota Watanabe Graeme M. Doodnaught Graeme M. Doodnaught Marina C. Evangelista Beatriz P. Monteiro Hélène L. M. Ruel Paulo V. Steagall |
| author_facet | Ryota Watanabe Graeme M. Doodnaught Graeme M. Doodnaught Marina C. Evangelista Beatriz P. Monteiro Hélène L. M. Ruel Paulo V. Steagall |
| author_sort | Ryota Watanabe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in cats undergoing dental extractions and the effects of the caregiver's presence on the FGS scores. Twenty-four cats (6 ± 3.3 years old; 4.9 ± 1.7 kg) undergoing oral treatment were included in a prospective, blinded, randomized, clinical study. They underwent treatment under general anesthesia (acepromazine-hydromorphone-propofol-isoflurane-meloxicam-local anesthetic blocks) at day 1 and were discharged at day 6. Images of cat faces were captured from video recordings with or without the caregiver's presence at 6 h postoperatively (day 1), day 6, and before and after rescue analgesia. Images were randomized and independently evaluated by four raters using the FGS [five action units (AU): ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers change, and head position; score 0–2 for each]. Inter-rater reliability and the effects of the caregiver's presence were analyzed with intraclass correlation coefficient [single measures (95% confidence interval)] and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively (p < 0.05). A total of 91 images were scored. Total FGS scores showed good inter-rater reliability [0.84 (0.77–0.89)]. Reliability for each AU was: ears [0.68 (0.55–0.78)], orbital tightening [0.76 (0.65–0.84)], muzzle [0.56 (0.43–0.69)], whiskers [0.64 (0.50–0.76)], and head position [0.74 (0.63–0.82)]. The FGS scores were not different with [0.075 (0–0.325)] or without [0.088 (0–0.525)] the caregivers' presence (p = 0.12). The FGS is a reliable tool for pain assessment in cats undergoing dental extractions. The caregiver's presence did not affect FGS scores. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:46:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c1a55562b7c47bfaf8975838a315cd1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:46:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c1a55562b7c47bfaf8975838a315cd12022-12-22T01:34:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692020-05-01710.3389/fvets.2020.00302533900Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental ExtractionsRyota Watanabe0Graeme M. Doodnaught1Graeme M. Doodnaught2Marina C. Evangelista3Beatriz P. Monteiro4Hélène L. M. Ruel5Paulo V. Steagall6Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, CanadaThis study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in cats undergoing dental extractions and the effects of the caregiver's presence on the FGS scores. Twenty-four cats (6 ± 3.3 years old; 4.9 ± 1.7 kg) undergoing oral treatment were included in a prospective, blinded, randomized, clinical study. They underwent treatment under general anesthesia (acepromazine-hydromorphone-propofol-isoflurane-meloxicam-local anesthetic blocks) at day 1 and were discharged at day 6. Images of cat faces were captured from video recordings with or without the caregiver's presence at 6 h postoperatively (day 1), day 6, and before and after rescue analgesia. Images were randomized and independently evaluated by four raters using the FGS [five action units (AU): ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers change, and head position; score 0–2 for each]. Inter-rater reliability and the effects of the caregiver's presence were analyzed with intraclass correlation coefficient [single measures (95% confidence interval)] and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively (p < 0.05). A total of 91 images were scored. Total FGS scores showed good inter-rater reliability [0.84 (0.77–0.89)]. Reliability for each AU was: ears [0.68 (0.55–0.78)], orbital tightening [0.76 (0.65–0.84)], muzzle [0.56 (0.43–0.69)], whiskers [0.64 (0.50–0.76)], and head position [0.74 (0.63–0.82)]. The FGS scores were not different with [0.075 (0–0.325)] or without [0.088 (0–0.525)] the caregivers' presence (p = 0.12). The FGS is a reliable tool for pain assessment in cats undergoing dental extractions. The caregiver's presence did not affect FGS scores.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00302/fullfelinedentistryanalgesiaperiodontal diseasedental painpain assessment |
| spellingShingle | Ryota Watanabe Graeme M. Doodnaught Graeme M. Doodnaught Marina C. Evangelista Beatriz P. Monteiro Hélène L. M. Ruel Paulo V. Steagall Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions Frontiers in Veterinary Science feline dentistry analgesia periodontal disease dental pain pain assessment |
| title | Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions |
| title_full | Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions |
| title_fullStr | Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions |
| title_short | Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions |
| title_sort | inter rater reliability of the feline grimace scale in cats undergoing dental extractions |
| topic | feline dentistry analgesia periodontal disease dental pain pain assessment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00302/full |
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