Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity
Despite over a century of research, the physics of galaxy rotation is not yet fully understood, and there is a clear discrepancy between the observed mass of galaxies and their rotational velocity. Here, we report on another observation of tension between the physical properties of galaxies and thei...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/6/1190 |
| _version_ | 1797592561925226496 |
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| author | Darius McAdam Lior Shamir |
| author_facet | Darius McAdam Lior Shamir |
| author_sort | Darius McAdam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite over a century of research, the physics of galaxy rotation is not yet fully understood, and there is a clear discrepancy between the observed mass of galaxies and their rotational velocity. Here, we report on another observation of tension between the physical properties of galaxies and their rotational velocity. We compare the apparent magnitude of galaxies and find a statistically significant asymmetry between galaxies that rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way and galaxies that rotate in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way. While asymmetry in the brightness is expected due to the Doppler shift effect, such asymmetry is expected to be subtle. The observations shown here suggest that the magnitude difference is sufficiently large to be detected by Earth-based telescopes. The asymmetry is consistent in both the northern and southern galactic poles. The difference is also consistent across several different instruments such as DECam, SDSS, Pan-STARRS, and HST as well as different annotation methods, which include automatic, manual, or crowdsourcing annotations through “Galaxy Zoo”. The observation can also explain other anomalies such as the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> tension. Analysis of Ia supernovae where the host galaxies rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way shows a much smaller tension with the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> value as estimated by the CMB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:52:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c1c7a75d87748e59530bb1aaba21f59 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:52:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c1c7a75d87748e59530bb1aaba21f592023-11-18T12:50:43ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942023-06-01156119010.3390/sym15061190Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational VelocityDarius McAdam0Lior Shamir1Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USADepartment of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USADespite over a century of research, the physics of galaxy rotation is not yet fully understood, and there is a clear discrepancy between the observed mass of galaxies and their rotational velocity. Here, we report on another observation of tension between the physical properties of galaxies and their rotational velocity. We compare the apparent magnitude of galaxies and find a statistically significant asymmetry between galaxies that rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way and galaxies that rotate in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way. While asymmetry in the brightness is expected due to the Doppler shift effect, such asymmetry is expected to be subtle. The observations shown here suggest that the magnitude difference is sufficiently large to be detected by Earth-based telescopes. The asymmetry is consistent in both the northern and southern galactic poles. The difference is also consistent across several different instruments such as DECam, SDSS, Pan-STARRS, and HST as well as different annotation methods, which include automatic, manual, or crowdsourcing annotations through “Galaxy Zoo”. The observation can also explain other anomalies such as the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> tension. Analysis of Ia supernovae where the host galaxies rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way shows a much smaller tension with the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> value as estimated by the CMB.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/6/1190galaxiesgalaxy rotation curvelarge-scale structure of universecosmic anisotropy |
| spellingShingle | Darius McAdam Lior Shamir Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity Symmetry galaxies galaxy rotation curve large-scale structure of universe cosmic anisotropy |
| title | Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity |
| title_full | Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity |
| title_fullStr | Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity |
| title_short | Asymmetry between Galaxy Apparent Magnitudes Shows a Possible Tension between Physical Properties of Galaxies and Their Rotational Velocity |
| title_sort | asymmetry between galaxy apparent magnitudes shows a possible tension between physical properties of galaxies and their rotational velocity |
| topic | galaxies galaxy rotation curve large-scale structure of universe cosmic anisotropy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/6/1190 |
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