Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy
A new method, namely, force–distance curve mapping, was developed to directly measure the adhesion force of individual aerosol particles by atomic force microscopy. The proposed method collects adhesion force from multiple points on a single particle. It also takes into account the spatial distribut...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/489 |
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| author | Kohei Ono Yuki Mizushima Masaki Furuya Ryota Kunihisa Nozomu Tsuchiya Takeshi Fukuma Ayumi Iwata Atsushi Matsuki |
| author_facet | Kohei Ono Yuki Mizushima Masaki Furuya Ryota Kunihisa Nozomu Tsuchiya Takeshi Fukuma Ayumi Iwata Atsushi Matsuki |
| author_sort | Kohei Ono |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new method, namely, force–distance curve mapping, was developed to directly measure the adhesion force of individual aerosol particles by atomic force microscopy. The proposed method collects adhesion force from multiple points on a single particle. It also takes into account the spatial distribution of the adhesion force affected by topography (e.g., the variation in the tip angle relative to the surface, as well as the force imposed upon contact), thereby enabling the direct and quantitative measurement of the adhesion force representing each particle. The topographic effect was first evaluated by measuring Polystyrene latex (PSL) standard particles, and the optimized method was then applied on atmospherically relevant model dust particles (quartz, ATD, and CJ-1) and inorganic particles (ammonium sulfate and artificial sea salt) to inter-compare the adhesion forces among different aerosol types. The method was further applied on the actual ambient aerosol particles collected on the western coast of Japan, when the region was under the influence of Asian dust plume. The ambient particles were classified into sea salt (SS), silicate dust, and Ca-rich dust particles based on individual particle analysis (micro-Raman or Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX)). Comparable adhesion forces were obtained from the model and ambient particles for both SS and silicate dust. Although dust particles tended to show smaller adhesion forces, the adhesion force of Ca-rich dust particles was larger than the majority of silicate dust particles and was comparable with the inorganic salt particles. These results highlight that the original chemical composition, as well as the aging process in the atmosphere, can create significant variation in the adhesion force among individual particles. This study demonstrates that force–distance curve mapping can be used as a new tool to quantitatively characterize the physical properties of aerosol particles on an individual basis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:55:23Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:55:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c30478f49a74b1ca4002946a5d2c9042023-11-19T23:59:23ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-05-0111548910.3390/atmos11050489Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force MicroscopyKohei Ono0Yuki Mizushima1Masaki Furuya2Ryota Kunihisa3Nozomu Tsuchiya4Takeshi Fukuma5Ayumi Iwata6Atsushi Matsuki7Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanCollege of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanNano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanFaculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, JapanInstitute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanA new method, namely, force–distance curve mapping, was developed to directly measure the adhesion force of individual aerosol particles by atomic force microscopy. The proposed method collects adhesion force from multiple points on a single particle. It also takes into account the spatial distribution of the adhesion force affected by topography (e.g., the variation in the tip angle relative to the surface, as well as the force imposed upon contact), thereby enabling the direct and quantitative measurement of the adhesion force representing each particle. The topographic effect was first evaluated by measuring Polystyrene latex (PSL) standard particles, and the optimized method was then applied on atmospherically relevant model dust particles (quartz, ATD, and CJ-1) and inorganic particles (ammonium sulfate and artificial sea salt) to inter-compare the adhesion forces among different aerosol types. The method was further applied on the actual ambient aerosol particles collected on the western coast of Japan, when the region was under the influence of Asian dust plume. The ambient particles were classified into sea salt (SS), silicate dust, and Ca-rich dust particles based on individual particle analysis (micro-Raman or Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX)). Comparable adhesion forces were obtained from the model and ambient particles for both SS and silicate dust. Although dust particles tended to show smaller adhesion forces, the adhesion force of Ca-rich dust particles was larger than the majority of silicate dust particles and was comparable with the inorganic salt particles. These results highlight that the original chemical composition, as well as the aging process in the atmosphere, can create significant variation in the adhesion force among individual particles. This study demonstrates that force–distance curve mapping can be used as a new tool to quantitatively characterize the physical properties of aerosol particles on an individual basis.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/489adhesion forceatomic force microscopyAsian dustlong range transport |
| spellingShingle | Kohei Ono Yuki Mizushima Masaki Furuya Ryota Kunihisa Nozomu Tsuchiya Takeshi Fukuma Ayumi Iwata Atsushi Matsuki Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy Atmosphere adhesion force atomic force microscopy Asian dust long range transport |
| title | Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| title_full | Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| title_fullStr | Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| title_short | Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| title_sort | direct measurement of adhesion force of individual aerosol particles by atomic force microscopy |
| topic | adhesion force atomic force microscopy Asian dust long range transport |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/489 |
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