Is the equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO) associated with audiovisuals effective in reducing pain and side effects during peripheral venous access placement in children? Protocol for a single-centre randomised controlled trial from Italy
Introduction Nurses frequently place a peripheral venous catheter during children’s hospitalisation. Many studies suggest treatment of venipuncture-related pain. The administration of an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO) is employed for pain control; however, no studies have anal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2023-07-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/7/e067912.full |