Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment
Background: Nowadays, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is one of the reasons for the entry of heavy metals into the environment. In this study, the heavy metals contamination of the soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and its ecological ri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Kerman University of Medical Sciences
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health Engineering and Management |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ehemj.com/article-1-565-en.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811280041012625408 |
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| author | Abdoliman Amouei Hourieh Fallah Hosseinali Asgharnia Abbas Mousapour Hadi Parsian Mahmoud Hajiahmadi Asieh Khalilpour Hajar Tabarinia |
| author_facet | Abdoliman Amouei Hourieh Fallah Hosseinali Asgharnia Abbas Mousapour Hadi Parsian Mahmoud Hajiahmadi Asieh Khalilpour Hajar Tabarinia |
| author_sort | Abdoliman Amouei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Nowadays, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is one of the reasons for the entry of heavy metals into the environment. In this study, the heavy metals contamination of the soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and its ecological risk assessment were evaluated. Methods: In this study, 108 soil samples were collected from agricultural soils of some places of Babol in Mazandaran province. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PG-990) was used to determine the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and zinc in the soil samples. The assessment of soil contamination was performed by the contamination factor, degree of contamination indices, and the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive and chi-square tests were used to compare the mean with existing standards. Significant level was considered at P < 0.05.Results: The highest lead concentration (35.7 ± 9.5 mg/kg) was observed at 5-cm depth, and the maximum cadmium (1.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg) and zinc (88 ± 22.6 mg/kg) concentrations were observed at 15-cm depth. The results showed that lead, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in the agricultural soils enriched with compost fertilizers were acceptable, but agricultural soils enriched with chemical fertilizers indicated higher content than those enriched with compost fertilizers and higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The maximum contamination degree, pollution index, and potential ecological risk in the agricultural soils enriched with the chemical fertilizers were 15.77, 1.97, and 293.48, respectively, and these soils had low potential pollution and moderate ecological risks. Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to use compost fertilizers for the agricultural soils enrichment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:06:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c46725f80c548cbb89775c90ece5c30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2423-3765 2423-4311 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:06:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Kerman University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health Engineering and Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c46725f80c548cbb89775c90ece5c302022-12-22T03:09:18ZengKerman University of Medical SciencesEnvironmental Health Engineering and Management2423-37652423-43112020-04-017171410.34172/EHEM.2020.02Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessmentAbdoliman Amouei0Hourieh Fallah1Hosseinali Asgharnia2Abbas Mousapour3Hadi Parsian4Mahmoud Hajiahmadi5Asieh Khalilpour6Hajar Tabarinia7Environmental Health Research Center (EHRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranEnvironmental Health Research Center (EHRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranEnvironmental Health Research Center (EHRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranCancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranCancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranEnvironmental Health Research Center (EHRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranBackground: Nowadays, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is one of the reasons for the entry of heavy metals into the environment. In this study, the heavy metals contamination of the soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and its ecological risk assessment were evaluated. Methods: In this study, 108 soil samples were collected from agricultural soils of some places of Babol in Mazandaran province. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PG-990) was used to determine the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and zinc in the soil samples. The assessment of soil contamination was performed by the contamination factor, degree of contamination indices, and the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive and chi-square tests were used to compare the mean with existing standards. Significant level was considered at P < 0.05.Results: The highest lead concentration (35.7 ± 9.5 mg/kg) was observed at 5-cm depth, and the maximum cadmium (1.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg) and zinc (88 ± 22.6 mg/kg) concentrations were observed at 15-cm depth. The results showed that lead, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in the agricultural soils enriched with compost fertilizers were acceptable, but agricultural soils enriched with chemical fertilizers indicated higher content than those enriched with compost fertilizers and higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The maximum contamination degree, pollution index, and potential ecological risk in the agricultural soils enriched with the chemical fertilizers were 15.77, 1.97, and 293.48, respectively, and these soils had low potential pollution and moderate ecological risks. Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to use compost fertilizers for the agricultural soils enrichment.http://ehemj.com/article-1-565-en.pdfheavy metalsecological risk assessmentagricultural soilscompost and chemical fertilizers |
| spellingShingle | Abdoliman Amouei Hourieh Fallah Hosseinali Asgharnia Abbas Mousapour Hadi Parsian Mahmoud Hajiahmadi Asieh Khalilpour Hajar Tabarinia Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment Environmental Health Engineering and Management heavy metals ecological risk assessment agricultural soils compost and chemical fertilizers |
| title | Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment |
| title_full | Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment |
| title_short | Comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the North of Iran and ecological risk assessment |
| title_sort | comparison of heavy metals contamination and ecological risk between soils enriched with compost and chemical fertilizers in the north of iran and ecological risk assessment |
| topic | heavy metals ecological risk assessment agricultural soils compost and chemical fertilizers |
| url | http://ehemj.com/article-1-565-en.pdf |
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