Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening
Smartphone photographs capturing Bruckner’s reflex have demonstrated reliability in identifying amblyogenic conditions in children. Assessing visual acuity for screening has been the traditional method since the inception of school screening. The present study aims to assess the reliability of smart...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/10/1519 |
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| author | Rajat M. Srivastava Suchi Verma Shubham Gupta Apjit Kaur Shally Awasthi Siddharth Agrawal |
| author_facet | Rajat M. Srivastava Suchi Verma Shubham Gupta Apjit Kaur Shally Awasthi Siddharth Agrawal |
| author_sort | Rajat M. Srivastava |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Smartphone photographs capturing Bruckner’s reflex have demonstrated reliability in identifying amblyogenic conditions in children. Assessing visual acuity for screening has been the traditional method since the inception of school screening. The present study aims to assess the reliability of smartphone photographs in detecting ocular morbidities in school children and to compare it with traditional vision screening. Two thousand five hundred and twenty school children underwent vision screening and smartphone cameraphotography by a trained research assistant followed by a comprehensive eye examination of all children by an ophthalmologist. Children with unaided visual acuity less than 6/12 in either of the eyes were graded as abnormal. Based upon the characteristics of the Bruckner’s reflex, the photographs were graded as normal or abnormal by two investigators blinded to the clinical findings. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of traditional vision screening and photograph based screening, considering comprehensive eye examination as the gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity of vision screening was 81.88% and 97.35% whereas for photographs it was 94.69% and 98.85% respectively. When the two methods were compared, the <i>p</i> value was <0.05. We conclude that smartphone photography is better than traditional vision screening for detecting ocular morbidities in school children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:27:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c4c85597d0e43d09cc479eabb25a79b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:27:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c4c85597d0e43d09cc479eabb25a79b2023-11-23T23:32:17ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672022-10-01910151910.3390/children9101519Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye ScreeningRajat M. Srivastava0Suchi Verma1Shubham Gupta2Apjit Kaur3Shally Awasthi4Siddharth Agrawal5Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, IndiaSmartphone photographs capturing Bruckner’s reflex have demonstrated reliability in identifying amblyogenic conditions in children. Assessing visual acuity for screening has been the traditional method since the inception of school screening. The present study aims to assess the reliability of smartphone photographs in detecting ocular morbidities in school children and to compare it with traditional vision screening. Two thousand five hundred and twenty school children underwent vision screening and smartphone cameraphotography by a trained research assistant followed by a comprehensive eye examination of all children by an ophthalmologist. Children with unaided visual acuity less than 6/12 in either of the eyes were graded as abnormal. Based upon the characteristics of the Bruckner’s reflex, the photographs were graded as normal or abnormal by two investigators blinded to the clinical findings. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of traditional vision screening and photograph based screening, considering comprehensive eye examination as the gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity of vision screening was 81.88% and 97.35% whereas for photographs it was 94.69% and 98.85% respectively. When the two methods were compared, the <i>p</i> value was <0.05. We conclude that smartphone photography is better than traditional vision screening for detecting ocular morbidities in school children.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/10/1519vision screeningBruckner’s reflexschool eye screeningsmartphone photography |
| spellingShingle | Rajat M. Srivastava Suchi Verma Shubham Gupta Apjit Kaur Shally Awasthi Siddharth Agrawal Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening Children vision screening Bruckner’s reflex school eye screening smartphone photography |
| title | Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening |
| title_full | Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening |
| title_fullStr | Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening |
| title_short | Reliability of Smart Phone Photographs for School Eye Screening |
| title_sort | reliability of smart phone photographs for school eye screening |
| topic | vision screening Bruckner’s reflex school eye screening smartphone photography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/10/1519 |
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