A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection
Given that Clostridium difficile is not part of the normal human microbiota, if multiple strains are to accumulate in the colon implies successive exposure events and/or persistent colonization must occur. Evidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) with more than one strain was first described in 1983...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00692/full |
| _version_ | 1818260620313624576 |
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| author | Pete Dayananda Pete Dayananda Mark H. Wilcox Mark H. Wilcox |
| author_facet | Pete Dayananda Pete Dayananda Mark H. Wilcox Mark H. Wilcox |
| author_sort | Pete Dayananda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Given that Clostridium difficile is not part of the normal human microbiota, if multiple strains are to accumulate in the colon implies successive exposure events and/or persistent colonization must occur. Evidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) with more than one strain was first described in 1983. Despite the availability of increasingly discriminatory bacterial fingerprinting methods, the described rate of dual strain recovery in patients with CDI has remained stable at ∼5–10%. More data are needed to determine when dual strain infection may be harmful. Notably, one strain may block the establishment of and infection by another. In humans, patients colonized by non-toxigenic C. difficile strain are at a lower risk of developing CDI. Further studies to elucidate the interaction between co-infecting or colonizing and infecting C. difficile strains may help identify potential exploitable mechanisms to prevent CDI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:34:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c56b6f280a040c8bcd05c680615114a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:34:14Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c56b6f280a040c8bcd05c680615114a2022-12-22T00:15:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-04-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.00692415438A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and InfectionPete Dayananda0Pete Dayananda1Mark H. Wilcox2Mark H. Wilcox3Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United KingdomLeeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomDepartment of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United KingdomLeeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomGiven that Clostridium difficile is not part of the normal human microbiota, if multiple strains are to accumulate in the colon implies successive exposure events and/or persistent colonization must occur. Evidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) with more than one strain was first described in 1983. Despite the availability of increasingly discriminatory bacterial fingerprinting methods, the described rate of dual strain recovery in patients with CDI has remained stable at ∼5–10%. More data are needed to determine when dual strain infection may be harmful. Notably, one strain may block the establishment of and infection by another. In humans, patients colonized by non-toxigenic C. difficile strain are at a lower risk of developing CDI. Further studies to elucidate the interaction between co-infecting or colonizing and infecting C. difficile strains may help identify potential exploitable mechanisms to prevent CDI.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00692/fullcarriagecompetitionmicrobiomeantibioticcolon |
| spellingShingle | Pete Dayananda Pete Dayananda Mark H. Wilcox Mark H. Wilcox A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection Frontiers in Microbiology carriage competition microbiome antibiotic colon |
| title | A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection |
| title_full | A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection |
| title_fullStr | A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection |
| title_short | A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection |
| title_sort | review of mixed strain clostridium difficile colonization and infection |
| topic | carriage competition microbiome antibiotic colon |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00692/full |
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