Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia
Abstract Background Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an invasive, pesticide resistant, and a major treat of tomato production in the world. It needs effective management options that naturally infect the insect without causing any identified side effects. Entomopathogenic fun...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00227-x |
| _version_ | 1827279650039005184 |
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| author | Birhan Aynalem Diriba Muleta Juan Venegas Fassil Assefa |
| author_facet | Birhan Aynalem Diriba Muleta Juan Venegas Fassil Assefa |
| author_sort | Birhan Aynalem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an invasive, pesticide resistant, and a major treat of tomato production in the world. It needs effective management options that naturally infect the insect without causing any identified side effects. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are the most important options. However, geographic origin and climatic condition apparently creates genetic variation among EPF strains that influence on their pathogenicity. Thus, screening of effective EPF strains from the local source is vital to develop environmental friendly pest control tactic for T. absoluta. Results In this study, 27 indigenous Beauveria were isolated from the various types of soil and 12 of the isolates were screened based on their biological efficiency index (BEI). These isolates scored 65.7–95.7% and 68.3–95% of mortality against second and third instar larvae of T. absoluta at concentration of 1 × 107spores·ml-1 in 7 days post inoculation, respectively. Out of these, five (18.5%) isolates scored above 90% mortality on both instar larvae with LT50 value of 3.33 to 5.33 days at the lowest (104 spores·ml-1) and 1.93 to 3.17 days at highest (108 spores·ml-1) spore concentrations and has LC50 value of 1.5 × 103 to 1.1× 105 spores·ml-1. Moreover, isolates exhibited the promising mortality better (1.5 × 106 to 3.5 × 107 spores·ml-1), sporulated over the larval cadavers, well grown at optimal temperature, and produced chitinolytic enzymes. Molecular analysis showed that isolates have nearly monophyletic characters and grouped under species of Beauveria bassiana. Conclusion Different types of soil in Ethiopia are an important source of B. bassiana, and these isolates showed promising pathogenicity against T. absoluta, which is crucial for ecofriendly biopesticide development. Although isolates were nearly monophyletic in phylogenetic study, five of them were highly effective in the laboratory bioassays against T. absoluta; however, further field evaluation is required for mass production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:22:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c6af79ede4a4996bbebb4d61890c84d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-5920 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:22:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c6af79ede4a4996bbebb4d61890c84d2024-04-17T00:15:26ZengElsevierJournal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology2090-59202021-08-0119111510.1186/s43141-021-00227-xMolecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in EthiopiaBirhan Aynalem0Diriba Muleta1Juan Venegas2Fassil Assefa3Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa UniversityInstitute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa UniversityCellular and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of ChileDepartment of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityAbstract Background Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an invasive, pesticide resistant, and a major treat of tomato production in the world. It needs effective management options that naturally infect the insect without causing any identified side effects. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are the most important options. However, geographic origin and climatic condition apparently creates genetic variation among EPF strains that influence on their pathogenicity. Thus, screening of effective EPF strains from the local source is vital to develop environmental friendly pest control tactic for T. absoluta. Results In this study, 27 indigenous Beauveria were isolated from the various types of soil and 12 of the isolates were screened based on their biological efficiency index (BEI). These isolates scored 65.7–95.7% and 68.3–95% of mortality against second and third instar larvae of T. absoluta at concentration of 1 × 107spores·ml-1 in 7 days post inoculation, respectively. Out of these, five (18.5%) isolates scored above 90% mortality on both instar larvae with LT50 value of 3.33 to 5.33 days at the lowest (104 spores·ml-1) and 1.93 to 3.17 days at highest (108 spores·ml-1) spore concentrations and has LC50 value of 1.5 × 103 to 1.1× 105 spores·ml-1. Moreover, isolates exhibited the promising mortality better (1.5 × 106 to 3.5 × 107 spores·ml-1), sporulated over the larval cadavers, well grown at optimal temperature, and produced chitinolytic enzymes. Molecular analysis showed that isolates have nearly monophyletic characters and grouped under species of Beauveria bassiana. Conclusion Different types of soil in Ethiopia are an important source of B. bassiana, and these isolates showed promising pathogenicity against T. absoluta, which is crucial for ecofriendly biopesticide development. Although isolates were nearly monophyletic in phylogenetic study, five of them were highly effective in the laboratory bioassays against T. absoluta; however, further field evaluation is required for mass production.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00227-xBiocontrolChitinolytic enzymeEntomopathogenic fungiMycoinsecticides |
| spellingShingle | Birhan Aynalem Diriba Muleta Juan Venegas Fassil Assefa Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Biocontrol Chitinolytic enzyme Entomopathogenic fungi Mycoinsecticides |
| title | Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia |
| title_full | Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia |
| title_short | Molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ethiopia |
| title_sort | molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of indigenous beauveria bassiana against the tomato leafminer tuta absoluta meyrick 1917 lepidoptera gelechiidae in ethiopia |
| topic | Biocontrol Chitinolytic enzyme Entomopathogenic fungi Mycoinsecticides |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00227-x |
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