Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion
Metalaxyl (MET) and myclobutanil (MYC) are two widely used chiral fungicides that may pose health risks to non-occupationally exposed populations. Here, the two fungicides were enantiomer-specific quantified in the dietary food and urine of residents in an Eastern China city, to determine the exposu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323011272 |
| _version_ | 1797648358054035456 |
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| author | Jinjian Ding Yan Sun Monika Motimer Liang-Hong Guo Fangxing Yang |
| author_facet | Jinjian Ding Yan Sun Monika Motimer Liang-Hong Guo Fangxing Yang |
| author_sort | Jinjian Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metalaxyl (MET) and myclobutanil (MYC) are two widely used chiral fungicides that may pose health risks to non-occupationally exposed populations. Here, the two fungicides were enantiomer-specific quantified in the dietary food and urine of residents in an Eastern China city, to determine the exposure and excretion of these contaminants in different populations. Results indicate that residues of MET and MYC varied with different food items at 0.42–0.86 ng/g fresh weight (FW) and 0.18–0.33 ng/g FW, respectively. In urine samples, the residual levels after creatinine adjusting (CR) ranged from 10.2 to 1715.4 ng/g CR for MET and were below the detection limit up to 320.7 ng/g CR for MYC. Significant age- and gender-related differences were separately found in urinary MET and MYC of different populations. Monte-Carlo simulations suggested that children had higher daily dietary intake (DDI) but lower urinary excretion (DUE) rates than youths, and thus may suffer higher body burdens. The residues of antifungally ineffective enantiomers (S-MET and R-MYC) were slightly higher than their antipodes in foods. Moreover, the enantiomer-selective urinary excretion resulted in higher retention of S-MET and R-MYC in the human body. Our results suggest that both dietary intake and urinary excretion should be enantiomer-specifically considered when assessing the exposure risk and body burden of chiral fungicides in the non-occupationally exposed population. Furthermore, substitutive application of enantiomer-enriched fungicide formulations can not only benefit the antifungal efficacy but also be safer for human health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:31:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c7a6a2da2554387a56d21df243b52cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:31:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c7a6a2da2554387a56d21df243b52cc2023-10-27T04:23:41ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-11-01267115623Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretionJinjian Ding0Yan Sun1Monika Motimer2Liang-Hong Guo3Fangxing Yang4Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 310018 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Identification and Health Hazard Prevention of Environmental Emerging Contaminants, China Jiliang University and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 310018 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Identification and Health Hazard Prevention of Environmental Emerging Contaminants, China Jiliang University and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 310018 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Identification and Health Hazard Prevention of Environmental Emerging Contaminants, China Jiliang University and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Innovation center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, 314100 Jiashan, China; Corresponding author at: Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, ChinaMetalaxyl (MET) and myclobutanil (MYC) are two widely used chiral fungicides that may pose health risks to non-occupationally exposed populations. Here, the two fungicides were enantiomer-specific quantified in the dietary food and urine of residents in an Eastern China city, to determine the exposure and excretion of these contaminants in different populations. Results indicate that residues of MET and MYC varied with different food items at 0.42–0.86 ng/g fresh weight (FW) and 0.18–0.33 ng/g FW, respectively. In urine samples, the residual levels after creatinine adjusting (CR) ranged from 10.2 to 1715.4 ng/g CR for MET and were below the detection limit up to 320.7 ng/g CR for MYC. Significant age- and gender-related differences were separately found in urinary MET and MYC of different populations. Monte-Carlo simulations suggested that children had higher daily dietary intake (DDI) but lower urinary excretion (DUE) rates than youths, and thus may suffer higher body burdens. The residues of antifungally ineffective enantiomers (S-MET and R-MYC) were slightly higher than their antipodes in foods. Moreover, the enantiomer-selective urinary excretion resulted in higher retention of S-MET and R-MYC in the human body. Our results suggest that both dietary intake and urinary excretion should be enantiomer-specifically considered when assessing the exposure risk and body burden of chiral fungicides in the non-occupationally exposed population. Furthermore, substitutive application of enantiomer-enriched fungicide formulations can not only benefit the antifungal efficacy but also be safer for human health.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323011272Chiral fungicideBody burdenEnantiomeric fractionsMonte-Carlo simulationRisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Jinjian Ding Yan Sun Monika Motimer Liang-Hong Guo Fangxing Yang Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Chiral fungicide Body burden Enantiomeric fractions Monte-Carlo simulation Risk assessment |
| title | Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| title_full | Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| title_fullStr | Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| title_short | Enantiomer-specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non-occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| title_sort | enantiomer specific burden of metalaxyl and myclobutanil in non occupationally exposed population with evidence from dietary intake and urinary excretion |
| topic | Chiral fungicide Body burden Enantiomeric fractions Monte-Carlo simulation Risk assessment |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323011272 |
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