Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study
<h4>Introduction</h4> Masked obesity (MO) is defined as a normal body mass index (BMI) with a high body fat percentage (%BF), and is associated with the onset of lifestyle-related diseases. However, little is known about the current status of MO. Therefore, we investigated the relationsh...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9943004/?tool=EBI |
| _version_ | 1797894588897165312 |
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| author | Kaito Yamashiro Naho Yamaguchi Kazunori Sagawa Shigeharu Tanei Fumihiko Ogata Takehiro Nakamura Naohito Kawasaki |
| author_facet | Kaito Yamashiro Naho Yamaguchi Kazunori Sagawa Shigeharu Tanei Fumihiko Ogata Takehiro Nakamura Naohito Kawasaki |
| author_sort | Kaito Yamashiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Introduction</h4> Masked obesity (MO) is defined as a normal body mass index (BMI) with a high body fat percentage (%BF), and is associated with the onset of lifestyle-related diseases. However, little is known about the current status of MO. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of MO to physical characteristics and lifestyle habits among Japanese university students. <h4>Methods</h4> Between 2011 and 2019, we conducted a survey of 10,168 males and 4,954 females with BMI within the normal range (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2). MO was defined as %BF ≥ 20% in males and %BF ≥ 30% in females. Students completed a questionnaire containing items about lifestyle habits. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured, and hypertension was defined as systolic above 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships as follows: the relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures; the relationship between hypertension and body indices. <h4>Results</h4> The proportion of students with MO in 2019 was 13.4% in males and 25.8% in females, and the proportion of females increased over time. MO was associated with desire for weight loss (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.76, 1.53–2.02), intake of five macronutrients (0.79, 0.67–0.93), rice and wheat intakes (1.22, 1.01–1.47), sleep duration of < 7hr (0.85, 0.74–0.98), and exercise habit (0.71, 0.63–0.81) in males; and with balanced diet intake (0.79, 0.64–0.99) and exercise habit (0.65, 0.51–0.82) in females. There was a significant association of MO with hypertension in males (1.29, 1.09–1.53). <h4>Conclusion</h4> The percentage of female students with MO increased during the study period, and in males, MO may be a risk factor for hypertension. These results suggest that intervention for MO is needed in Japanese university students. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:12:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c887948af4a4219b4d50f02f94c744a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:12:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c887948af4a4219b4d50f02f94c744a2023-02-26T05:31:39ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01182Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional studyKaito YamashiroNaho YamaguchiKazunori SagawaShigeharu TaneiFumihiko OgataTakehiro NakamuraNaohito Kawasaki<h4>Introduction</h4> Masked obesity (MO) is defined as a normal body mass index (BMI) with a high body fat percentage (%BF), and is associated with the onset of lifestyle-related diseases. However, little is known about the current status of MO. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of MO to physical characteristics and lifestyle habits among Japanese university students. <h4>Methods</h4> Between 2011 and 2019, we conducted a survey of 10,168 males and 4,954 females with BMI within the normal range (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2). MO was defined as %BF ≥ 20% in males and %BF ≥ 30% in females. Students completed a questionnaire containing items about lifestyle habits. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured, and hypertension was defined as systolic above 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships as follows: the relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures; the relationship between hypertension and body indices. <h4>Results</h4> The proportion of students with MO in 2019 was 13.4% in males and 25.8% in females, and the proportion of females increased over time. MO was associated with desire for weight loss (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.76, 1.53–2.02), intake of five macronutrients (0.79, 0.67–0.93), rice and wheat intakes (1.22, 1.01–1.47), sleep duration of < 7hr (0.85, 0.74–0.98), and exercise habit (0.71, 0.63–0.81) in males; and with balanced diet intake (0.79, 0.64–0.99) and exercise habit (0.65, 0.51–0.82) in females. There was a significant association of MO with hypertension in males (1.29, 1.09–1.53). <h4>Conclusion</h4> The percentage of female students with MO increased during the study period, and in males, MO may be a risk factor for hypertension. These results suggest that intervention for MO is needed in Japanese university students.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9943004/?tool=EBI |
| spellingShingle | Kaito Yamashiro Naho Yamaguchi Kazunori Sagawa Shigeharu Tanei Fumihiko Ogata Takehiro Nakamura Naohito Kawasaki Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study PLoS ONE |
| title | Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Relationship of masked obesity to self-reported lifestyle habits, ideal body image, and anthropometric measures in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | relationship of masked obesity to self reported lifestyle habits ideal body image and anthropometric measures in japanese university students a cross sectional study |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9943004/?tool=EBI |
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