Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration
Bone tissue engineering using osteoconductive scaffolds holds promise for regeneration, with pearl powder gaining interest for its bioactive qualities. This study used freeze drying to create chitosan (CS) scaffolds with pearl/calcium phosphate (p/CaP) powders, mimicking bone tissue structurally and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/15/3/55 |
| _version_ | 1797240470331457536 |
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| author | Zhiyi Li Ihtesham Ur Rehman Rebecca Shepherd Timothy E. L. Douglas |
| author_facet | Zhiyi Li Ihtesham Ur Rehman Rebecca Shepherd Timothy E. L. Douglas |
| author_sort | Zhiyi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bone tissue engineering using osteoconductive scaffolds holds promise for regeneration, with pearl powder gaining interest for its bioactive qualities. This study used freeze drying to create chitosan (CS) scaffolds with pearl/calcium phosphate (p/CaP) powders, mimicking bone tissue structurally and compositionally. Characterization included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier-transform infrared–photoacoustic photo-acoustic sampling (FTIR−PAS), and FTIR- attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) were used to characterize p/CaP. In vitro tests covered degradation, cell activity, and SEM analysis. The scaffolds showed notable compressive strength and modulus enhancements with increasing p/CaP content. Porosity, ranging from 60% to 90%, decreased significantly at higher pearl/CaP ratios. Optimal cell proliferation and differentiation were observed with scaffolds containing up to 30 wt.% p/CaP, with 30 wt.% pearl powder and 30 wt.% p/CaP yielding the best results. In conclusion, pearl/calcium phosphate chitosan (p/CaP_CS) composite scaffolds emerged as promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, combining structural mimicry and favourable biological responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:07:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c95172a8a8b4906bc305f8291243af3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:07:56Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c95172a8a8b4906bc305f8291243af32024-03-27T13:48:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832024-02-011535510.3390/jfb15030055Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone RegenerationZhiyi Li0Ihtesham Ur Rehman1Rebecca Shepherd2Timothy E. L. Douglas3School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UKSchool of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UKSchool of Anatomy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UKSchool of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UKBone tissue engineering using osteoconductive scaffolds holds promise for regeneration, with pearl powder gaining interest for its bioactive qualities. This study used freeze drying to create chitosan (CS) scaffolds with pearl/calcium phosphate (p/CaP) powders, mimicking bone tissue structurally and compositionally. Characterization included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier-transform infrared–photoacoustic photo-acoustic sampling (FTIR−PAS), and FTIR- attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) were used to characterize p/CaP. In vitro tests covered degradation, cell activity, and SEM analysis. The scaffolds showed notable compressive strength and modulus enhancements with increasing p/CaP content. Porosity, ranging from 60% to 90%, decreased significantly at higher pearl/CaP ratios. Optimal cell proliferation and differentiation were observed with scaffolds containing up to 30 wt.% p/CaP, with 30 wt.% pearl powder and 30 wt.% p/CaP yielding the best results. In conclusion, pearl/calcium phosphate chitosan (p/CaP_CS) composite scaffolds emerged as promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, combining structural mimicry and favourable biological responses.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/15/3/55pearl powdercalcium phosphatechitosanbone regenerationporous scaffold |
| spellingShingle | Zhiyi Li Ihtesham Ur Rehman Rebecca Shepherd Timothy E. L. Douglas Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration Journal of Functional Biomaterials pearl powder calcium phosphate chitosan bone regeneration porous scaffold |
| title | Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration |
| title_full | Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration |
| title_short | Generation of Pearl/Calcium Phosphate Composite Particles and Their Integration into Porous Chitosan Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration |
| title_sort | generation of pearl calcium phosphate composite particles and their integration into porous chitosan scaffolds for bone regeneration |
| topic | pearl powder calcium phosphate chitosan bone regeneration porous scaffold |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/15/3/55 |
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