Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction
This research aimed to develop coding metamaterials to reduce the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) values in C- and Ku-band applications. Metamaterials on the macroscopic scale are commonly defined by effective medium parameters and are categorized as analogue. Therefore, coding metamaterials with various...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4282 |
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| author | Tayaallen Ramachandran Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mohammad Tariqul Islam Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Nissren Tamam Abdelmoneim Sulieman |
| author_facet | Tayaallen Ramachandran Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mohammad Tariqul Islam Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Nissren Tamam Abdelmoneim Sulieman |
| author_sort | Tayaallen Ramachandran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research aimed to develop coding metamaterials to reduce the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) values in C- and Ku-band applications. Metamaterials on the macroscopic scale are commonly defined by effective medium parameters and are categorized as analogue. Therefore, coding metamaterials with various multi-layer and cuboid designs were proposed and investigated. A high-frequency electromagnetic simulator known as computer simulation technology was utilised throughout a simulation process. A one-bit coding metamaterial concept was adopted throughout this research that possesses ‘0’ and ‘1’ elements with 0 and π phase responses. Analytical simulation analyses were performed by utilising well-known Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Moreover, a validation was executed via a comparison of the phase-response properties of both elements with the analytical data from the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. As a result, promising outcomes wherein several one-bit coding designs for multi-layer or coding metamaterials manifested unique results, which almost reached 0 dBm<sup>2</sup> RCS reduction values. Meanwhile, coding metamaterial designs with larger lattices exhibited optimised results and can be utilised for larger-scale applications. Moreover, the coding metamaterials were validated by performing several framework and optimal characteristic analyses in C- and Ku-band applications. Due to the ability of coding metamaterials to manipulate electromagnetic waves to obtain different functionalities, it has a high potential to be applied to a wide range of applications. Overall, the very interesting coding metamaterials with many different sizes and shapes help to achieve a unique RCS-reduction performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ca4764e090f4c849ebd31838fdee52d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ca4764e090f4c849ebd31838fdee52d2023-11-23T17:45:50ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-06-011512428210.3390/ma15124282Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section ReductionTayaallen Ramachandran0Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque1Mohammad Tariqul Islam2Mayeen Uddin Khandaker3Nissren Tamam4Abdelmoneim Sulieman5Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaSpace Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaCentre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi ArabiaThis research aimed to develop coding metamaterials to reduce the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) values in C- and Ku-band applications. Metamaterials on the macroscopic scale are commonly defined by effective medium parameters and are categorized as analogue. Therefore, coding metamaterials with various multi-layer and cuboid designs were proposed and investigated. A high-frequency electromagnetic simulator known as computer simulation technology was utilised throughout a simulation process. A one-bit coding metamaterial concept was adopted throughout this research that possesses ‘0’ and ‘1’ elements with 0 and π phase responses. Analytical simulation analyses were performed by utilising well-known Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Moreover, a validation was executed via a comparison of the phase-response properties of both elements with the analytical data from the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. As a result, promising outcomes wherein several one-bit coding designs for multi-layer or coding metamaterials manifested unique results, which almost reached 0 dBm<sup>2</sup> RCS reduction values. Meanwhile, coding metamaterial designs with larger lattices exhibited optimised results and can be utilised for larger-scale applications. Moreover, the coding metamaterials were validated by performing several framework and optimal characteristic analyses in C- and Ku-band applications. Due to the ability of coding metamaterials to manipulate electromagnetic waves to obtain different functionalities, it has a high potential to be applied to a wide range of applications. Overall, the very interesting coding metamaterials with many different sizes and shapes help to achieve a unique RCS-reduction performance.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4282coding metamaterialelectromagnetic wavesphase responseRadar Cross-Section |
| spellingShingle | Tayaallen Ramachandran Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mohammad Tariqul Islam Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Nissren Tamam Abdelmoneim Sulieman Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction Materials coding metamaterial electromagnetic waves phase response Radar Cross-Section |
| title | Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction |
| title_full | Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction |
| title_fullStr | Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction |
| title_short | Design and Analysis of Multi-Layer and Cuboid Coding Metamaterials for Radar Cross-Section Reduction |
| title_sort | design and analysis of multi layer and cuboid coding metamaterials for radar cross section reduction |
| topic | coding metamaterial electromagnetic waves phase response Radar Cross-Section |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4282 |
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