Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker
Background: Recent studies have identified that transglutaminases (TGMs) are involved in a widespread epigenetic modification in tumorigenesis. However, it remains unclear how transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) affects in pan-cancer. The present study aimed to explore the clinical and prognostic function of...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.993438/full |
| _version_ | 1797959958447259648 |
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| author | Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Yu Cao Yu Cao Yu Cao Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng |
| author_facet | Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Yu Cao Yu Cao Yu Cao Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng |
| author_sort | Wenqing Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Recent studies have identified that transglutaminases (TGMs) are involved in a widespread epigenetic modification in tumorigenesis. However, it remains unclear how transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) affects in pan-cancer. The present study aimed to explore the clinical and prognostic function of TGM3 in pan-cancer as well as to explore the relationship of TGM3 expression with clinical stage, survival rate, prognosis condition, immune infiltration and mutation indicators.Methods: The relevant data of tumors were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TARGET, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. According to the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and TIMER databases, we evaluated the protein expression levels of TGM3 in different organs and tissues as well as their association with immune cell infiltration and immunotherapeutic response in pan-cancers. Expression differences between normal and tumor tissues as well as survival and prognosis situation, clinical data characteristics, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and RNA methylation were also assessed. Oncogenic analyses were also evaluated by GSEA.Results: Compared to normal tissues, some tumor tissues had a lower expression level of TGM3, while other tumor tissues had a high expression level of TGM3. Further studies showed that high TGM3 expression had a certain risk impact on pan-cancer as high TGM3 expression levels were detrimental to the survival of several cancers, except for pancreatic cancer (PAAD). High expression level of TGM3 was also related to higher clinical stages in most cancers. The expression level of TGM3 was significantly negatively correlated with the expression of immune infiltration-related cells, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, in most cancer types, TGM3 was inversely correlated with TMB, MSI, and methylation, suggesting that TGM3 expression can be used to assess potential therapeutic response, especially immune-related targeted therapy. GSEA analysis elucidated the biological and molecular function of TGM3 in various cancer types. Taken together, these bioinformatic analyses identified TGM3 as an important biomarker for clinical tumor prognosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy.Conclusion: We comprehensively analyzed the clinical characteristics, tumor stages, immune infiltration, methylation level, gene mutation, functional enrichment analysis and immunotherapeutic value of TGM3 in pan-cancer, providing implications for the function of TGM3 and its role in clinical treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:39:01Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4ca5524ac9134b45a62c790f1ea2f476 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:39:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ca5524ac9134b45a62c790f1ea2f4762023-01-06T11:22:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212023-01-011310.3389/fgene.2022.993438993438Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarkerWenqing Zhang0Wenqing Zhang1Wenqing Zhang2Chenglong Wu3Chenglong Wu4Chenglong Wu5Kaili Zhou6Kaili Zhou7Kaili Zhou8Yu Cao9Yu Cao10Yu Cao11Wange Zhou12Wange Zhou13Wange Zhou14Xue Zhang15Xue Zhang16Xue Zhang17Dan Deng18Dan Deng19Dan Deng20Dan Deng21Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaBackground: Recent studies have identified that transglutaminases (TGMs) are involved in a widespread epigenetic modification in tumorigenesis. However, it remains unclear how transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) affects in pan-cancer. The present study aimed to explore the clinical and prognostic function of TGM3 in pan-cancer as well as to explore the relationship of TGM3 expression with clinical stage, survival rate, prognosis condition, immune infiltration and mutation indicators.Methods: The relevant data of tumors were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TARGET, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. According to the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and TIMER databases, we evaluated the protein expression levels of TGM3 in different organs and tissues as well as their association with immune cell infiltration and immunotherapeutic response in pan-cancers. Expression differences between normal and tumor tissues as well as survival and prognosis situation, clinical data characteristics, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and RNA methylation were also assessed. Oncogenic analyses were also evaluated by GSEA.Results: Compared to normal tissues, some tumor tissues had a lower expression level of TGM3, while other tumor tissues had a high expression level of TGM3. Further studies showed that high TGM3 expression had a certain risk impact on pan-cancer as high TGM3 expression levels were detrimental to the survival of several cancers, except for pancreatic cancer (PAAD). High expression level of TGM3 was also related to higher clinical stages in most cancers. The expression level of TGM3 was significantly negatively correlated with the expression of immune infiltration-related cells, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, in most cancer types, TGM3 was inversely correlated with TMB, MSI, and methylation, suggesting that TGM3 expression can be used to assess potential therapeutic response, especially immune-related targeted therapy. GSEA analysis elucidated the biological and molecular function of TGM3 in various cancer types. Taken together, these bioinformatic analyses identified TGM3 as an important biomarker for clinical tumor prognosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy.Conclusion: We comprehensively analyzed the clinical characteristics, tumor stages, immune infiltration, methylation level, gene mutation, functional enrichment analysis and immunotherapeutic value of TGM3 in pan-cancer, providing implications for the function of TGM3 and its role in clinical treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.993438/fullTGM3immunotherapyimmune responseprognosispan-cancer |
| spellingShingle | Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Wenqing Zhang Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Chenglong Wu Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Kaili Zhou Yu Cao Yu Cao Yu Cao Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Wange Zhou Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Xue Zhang Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng Dan Deng Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker Frontiers in Genetics TGM3 immunotherapy immune response prognosis pan-cancer |
| title | Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker |
| title_full | Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker |
| title_short | Clinical and immunological characteristics of TGM3 in pan-cancer: A potential prognostic biomarker |
| title_sort | clinical and immunological characteristics of tgm3 in pan cancer a potential prognostic biomarker |
| topic | TGM3 immunotherapy immune response prognosis pan-cancer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.993438/full |
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