Lyophilization: The process and industrial use
This article presents a general overview of lyophilization and discusses the underlying principles of the process through the basics of: formulation, freezing, primary drying and secondary drying. In this article lyophilization is defined as a stabilizing process in which the substance is first froz...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia
2004-01-01
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| Series: | Hemijska Industrija |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2004/0367-598X0412552P.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811298910892720128 |
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| author | Pržić Dejan S. Ružić Nenad Lj. Petrović Slobodan D. |
| author_facet | Pržić Dejan S. Ružić Nenad Lj. Petrović Slobodan D. |
| author_sort | Pržić Dejan S. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents a general overview of lyophilization and discusses the underlying principles of the process through the basics of: formulation, freezing, primary drying and secondary drying. In this article lyophilization is defined as a stabilizing process in which the substance is first frozen and then the quantity of the solvent is reduced first by sublimation (primary drying) and then by desorption (secondary drying) to values that will no longer support biological growth or chemical reactions. Special mention was made of the industrial use of the process and emphasis was placed on the lyophilization of pharmaceutical products and food industry products. Lyophilization equipment, as well as the formulation of materials that can be lyophilized, are described in sufficient detail to give information on the restrictions and advantages of lyophlization. Processing economics and comparison with conventional drying methods are presented. A historical overview of the process and future developments presented from the industrial viewpoint give an insight on the previous application of lyophilization and the prospects of its broad industrial use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:27:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4caa6c4af2264b298f97b9a28c66df2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0367-598X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:27:19Z |
| publishDate | 2004-01-01 |
| publisher | Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hemijska Industrija |
| spelling | doaj.art-4caa6c4af2264b298f97b9a28c66df2a2022-12-22T02:58:21ZengAssociation of Chemical Engineers of SerbiaHemijska Industrija0367-598X2004-01-01581255256210.2298/HEMIND0412552PLyophilization: The process and industrial usePržić Dejan S.Ružić Nenad Lj.Petrović Slobodan D.This article presents a general overview of lyophilization and discusses the underlying principles of the process through the basics of: formulation, freezing, primary drying and secondary drying. In this article lyophilization is defined as a stabilizing process in which the substance is first frozen and then the quantity of the solvent is reduced first by sublimation (primary drying) and then by desorption (secondary drying) to values that will no longer support biological growth or chemical reactions. Special mention was made of the industrial use of the process and emphasis was placed on the lyophilization of pharmaceutical products and food industry products. Lyophilization equipment, as well as the formulation of materials that can be lyophilized, are described in sufficient detail to give information on the restrictions and advantages of lyophlization. Processing economics and comparison with conventional drying methods are presented. A historical overview of the process and future developments presented from the industrial viewpoint give an insight on the previous application of lyophilization and the prospects of its broad industrial use.http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2004/0367-598X0412552P.pdflyophlizationfreeze dryerfreeze dryingprimary dryingsecondary dryingchambershelfcondenserformulationpharmaceutical industryfood industry |
| spellingShingle | Pržić Dejan S. Ružić Nenad Lj. Petrović Slobodan D. Lyophilization: The process and industrial use Hemijska Industrija lyophlization freeze dryer freeze drying primary drying secondary drying chamber shelf condenser formulation pharmaceutical industry food industry |
| title | Lyophilization: The process and industrial use |
| title_full | Lyophilization: The process and industrial use |
| title_fullStr | Lyophilization: The process and industrial use |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lyophilization: The process and industrial use |
| title_short | Lyophilization: The process and industrial use |
| title_sort | lyophilization the process and industrial use |
| topic | lyophlization freeze dryer freeze drying primary drying secondary drying chamber shelf condenser formulation pharmaceutical industry food industry |
| url | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2004/0367-598X0412552P.pdf |
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