Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia
Background and Aim: The increasing prevalence of resistance (MDR) of Enterobacteriaceae in Indonesia has caused concern regarding human health. Citrobacter freundii reportedly targets the gastrointestinal tract of animals and is a common cause of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea, peritoni...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of One Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.8/No.2/7.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811202625855553536 |
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| author | Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Freshinta Jellia Wibisono Dian Ayu Permatasari Mustofa Helmi Effendi Emmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo |
| author_facet | Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Freshinta Jellia Wibisono Dian Ayu Permatasari Mustofa Helmi Effendi Emmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo |
| author_sort | Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: The increasing prevalence of resistance (MDR) of Enterobacteriaceae in Indonesia has caused concern regarding human health. Citrobacter freundii reportedly targets the gastrointestinal tract of animals and is a common cause of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea, peritonitis, meningitis, brain abscess, bacteremia, and urinary tract infection. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MDR and the presence of Class 1 integron-encoding genes in C. freundii isolates obtained from cloacal swabs of healthy laying chickens in Blitar district, Indonesia.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty-five cloacal swab samples were collected from 33 farms in Blitar over a period of 4 months. Standard microbiological techniques such as bacterial culture in MacConkey agar, Simmons citrate agar, and triple sugar iron agar and biochemical tests such as the indole test were performed to identify the isolates. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of C. freundii isolates were determined by the disk diffusion method, and MDR-encoding genes (Class 1 integron) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: Out of 165 cloacal swab samples, 7 (4.24%) were positive for C. freundii. Citrobacter freundii was highly resistant to erythromycin (71.43%) and moderately to streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (all 42.86%); however, it showed low resistance to ampicillin (28.57%). All isolates were found to exhibit MDR. Only 1 (14.29%) of the seven C. freundii isolates harbored a Class 1 integron gene. This study revealed that Class 1 integron-encoding genes have a low prevalence in C. freundii isolated from healthy laying chickens in Blitar, Indonesia.
Conclusion: Poultry animals can play a role in the transmission of resistance genes to humans due to the MDR of Enterobacteriaceae, including C. freundii in the intestines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:41:57Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4cae7632623d4caab5f4a8a5f834c8bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2455-5673 2455-8931 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:41:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of One Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cae7632623d4caab5f4a8a5f834c8bf2022-12-22T03:51:18ZengVeterinary WorldInternational Journal of One Health2455-56732455-89312022-12-018216116610.14202/IJOH.2022.161-166Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, IndonesiaAdiana Mutamsari Witaningrum0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-1910Freshinta Jellia Wibisono1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9716-2230Dian Ayu Permatasari2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-3075Mustofa Helmi Effendi3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-411XEmmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0200-481XDepartment of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Jl. DukuhKupang XXV No.54, Surabaya 60225, Indonesia.Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.Background and Aim: The increasing prevalence of resistance (MDR) of Enterobacteriaceae in Indonesia has caused concern regarding human health. Citrobacter freundii reportedly targets the gastrointestinal tract of animals and is a common cause of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea, peritonitis, meningitis, brain abscess, bacteremia, and urinary tract infection. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MDR and the presence of Class 1 integron-encoding genes in C. freundii isolates obtained from cloacal swabs of healthy laying chickens in Blitar district, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty-five cloacal swab samples were collected from 33 farms in Blitar over a period of 4 months. Standard microbiological techniques such as bacterial culture in MacConkey agar, Simmons citrate agar, and triple sugar iron agar and biochemical tests such as the indole test were performed to identify the isolates. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of C. freundii isolates were determined by the disk diffusion method, and MDR-encoding genes (Class 1 integron) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Out of 165 cloacal swab samples, 7 (4.24%) were positive for C. freundii. Citrobacter freundii was highly resistant to erythromycin (71.43%) and moderately to streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (all 42.86%); however, it showed low resistance to ampicillin (28.57%). All isolates were found to exhibit MDR. Only 1 (14.29%) of the seven C. freundii isolates harbored a Class 1 integron gene. This study revealed that Class 1 integron-encoding genes have a low prevalence in C. freundii isolated from healthy laying chickens in Blitar, Indonesia. Conclusion: Poultry animals can play a role in the transmission of resistance genes to humans due to the MDR of Enterobacteriaceae, including C. freundii in the intestines.https://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.8/No.2/7.pdfcitrobacter freundiiclass 1 integron genehuman healthlaying chickensmultidrug resistance |
| spellingShingle | Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Freshinta Jellia Wibisono Dian Ayu Permatasari Mustofa Helmi Effendi Emmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia International Journal of One Health citrobacter freundii class 1 integron gene human health laying chickens multidrug resistance |
| title | Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia |
| title_full | Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia |
| title_short | Multidrug resistance-encoding gene in Citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia |
| title_sort | multidrug resistance encoding gene in citrobacter freundii isolated from healthy laying chicken in blitar district indonesia |
| topic | citrobacter freundii class 1 integron gene human health laying chickens multidrug resistance |
| url | https://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.8/No.2/7.pdf |
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