Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems
Domestic RO systems are commonly installed in households for water purification and treatment, typically for drinking water purposes. While RO systems effectively remove impurities, such as dissolved salts, minerals, and contaminants from tap water, they produce a concentrated waste stream known as...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2445 |
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| author | Shweta Singh Rakesh Kumar Singh Anil Kumar Virendra Kumar Gopal Nath Tiwari |
| author_facet | Shweta Singh Rakesh Kumar Singh Anil Kumar Virendra Kumar Gopal Nath Tiwari |
| author_sort | Shweta Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Domestic RO systems are commonly installed in households for water purification and treatment, typically for drinking water purposes. While RO systems effectively remove impurities, such as dissolved salts, minerals, and contaminants from tap water, they produce a concentrated waste stream known as RO reject. This reject water contains the contaminants that were removed during the RO filtration process. This RO reject can be effectively utilized in other domestic, agricultural, and industrial applications. In this study, the performance of a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system was experimentally examined by employing RO reject and MgO/water-based nano-fluid. Two 165 W polycrystalline solar PV modules were used to compare the performance of a PV/T and a PV module. The performance of the solar PV module was assessed in terms of cell temperature and electrical efficiency using a water- and MgO/water-based PV/T system. Furthermore, the thermal and overall efficiency of the PV/T module was also compared using different base fluids. The effect of the working fluid flow rate (3 LPM, 6 LPM, 9 LPM, and 12 LPM) and variations in the concentrations (0.10 wt.%, 0.15 wt.%, and 0.20 wt.%) of MgO nanoparticles were examined to evaluate the improvement in the performance of the PV/T system. The results indicate that the PV/T system’s cell temperature was significantly reduced, and its electrical, thermal, and overall efficiency increased with an increased flow rate. The optimum concentration of nanoparticles and flow rate were determined to be 0.15 wt.% and 12 LPM, respectively. The findings suggest that MgO/water-based nano-fluids have the potential to enhance the performance of PV/T systems, and this study provides valuable insights for their practical implementation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:25:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cb3871baf7040db9c6039c494c9ebda |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:25:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cb3871baf7040db9c6039c494c9ebda2023-11-18T17:48:23ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-07-011513244510.3390/w15132445Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T SystemsShweta Singh0Rakesh Kumar Singh1Anil Kumar2Virendra Kumar3Gopal Nath Tiwari4Department of Electronics Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur 228118, IndiaDepartment of Electronics Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur 228118, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur 228118, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur 208002, IndiaBag Energy Research Society, Varanasi 221005, IndiaDomestic RO systems are commonly installed in households for water purification and treatment, typically for drinking water purposes. While RO systems effectively remove impurities, such as dissolved salts, minerals, and contaminants from tap water, they produce a concentrated waste stream known as RO reject. This reject water contains the contaminants that were removed during the RO filtration process. This RO reject can be effectively utilized in other domestic, agricultural, and industrial applications. In this study, the performance of a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system was experimentally examined by employing RO reject and MgO/water-based nano-fluid. Two 165 W polycrystalline solar PV modules were used to compare the performance of a PV/T and a PV module. The performance of the solar PV module was assessed in terms of cell temperature and electrical efficiency using a water- and MgO/water-based PV/T system. Furthermore, the thermal and overall efficiency of the PV/T module was also compared using different base fluids. The effect of the working fluid flow rate (3 LPM, 6 LPM, 9 LPM, and 12 LPM) and variations in the concentrations (0.10 wt.%, 0.15 wt.%, and 0.20 wt.%) of MgO nanoparticles were examined to evaluate the improvement in the performance of the PV/T system. The results indicate that the PV/T system’s cell temperature was significantly reduced, and its electrical, thermal, and overall efficiency increased with an increased flow rate. The optimum concentration of nanoparticles and flow rate were determined to be 0.15 wt.% and 12 LPM, respectively. The findings suggest that MgO/water-based nano-fluids have the potential to enhance the performance of PV/T systems, and this study provides valuable insights for their practical implementation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2445solar energyPV/T collectorsnano-fluidselectrical efficiencythermal efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Shweta Singh Rakesh Kumar Singh Anil Kumar Virendra Kumar Gopal Nath Tiwari Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems Water solar energy PV/T collectors nano-fluids electrical efficiency thermal efficiency |
| title | Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems |
| title_full | Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems |
| title_fullStr | Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems |
| title_short | Recovered Reverse-Osmosis Water and MgO Nanoparticles for Improved Performance of Solar PV/T Systems |
| title_sort | recovered reverse osmosis water and mgo nanoparticles for improved performance of solar pv t systems |
| topic | solar energy PV/T collectors nano-fluids electrical efficiency thermal efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2445 |
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