Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin
We characterize the mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe, Zn, Pb, Sb, As, Hg, Ag sulfide assemblages from mud masses currently extruded by the onshore South Sakhalin and Pugachev mud volcanoes (Sakhalin Island, Russia). Abundant Tl-rich pyrite in sulfide concentrate samples from the mud volcanoes coexi...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| author | Ella V. Sokol Svetlana N. Kokh Anna V. Nekipelova Adam Abersteiner Yurii V. Seryotkin Valeriy V. Ershov Olga A. Nikitenko Anna S. Deviatiiarova |
| author_facet | Ella V. Sokol Svetlana N. Kokh Anna V. Nekipelova Adam Abersteiner Yurii V. Seryotkin Valeriy V. Ershov Olga A. Nikitenko Anna S. Deviatiiarova |
| author_sort | Ella V. Sokol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We characterize the mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe, Zn, Pb, Sb, As, Hg, Ag sulfide assemblages from mud masses currently extruded by the onshore South Sakhalin and Pugachev mud volcanoes (Sakhalin Island, Russia). Abundant Tl-rich pyrite in sulfide concentrate samples from the mud volcanoes coexists with common Hg- and Ge-rich sphalerite, as well as with sporadic boulangerite, robinsonite, bournonite, galena, realgar, metacinnabar, cinnabar, acanthite, and chalcopyrite. Sphalerites are remarkably enriched in Hg (locally reaching 27 wt%) and coupled zwith permanent abnormal enrichment in Ge (3008–3408 ppm). According to single-crystal XRD analyses and Raman spectroscopy, both Hg-poor and Hg-rich sphalerites are single-phase (Zn,Hg)S<sub>cub</sub> compounds. Pyrite is of diagenetic origin, judging by its trace-element chemistry, particular morphology, and heavy S isotope composition. Another assemblage, composed of Pb-Sb-(Hg) sulfide minerals and lesser As, Cu, Ag, and Bi compounds, results from hydrothermal alteration and is genetically related to Neogene volcano-sedimentary rocks found among the ejecta of the mud volcanoes. The composition of impurities in sphalerite from mud masses indicates crystallization at temperatures lower than ~100 °C, under the leaching effect of mud volcano waters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:14:40Z |
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| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:14:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cc86dae6344448eabe4de8ed3aa00e22023-11-23T00:31:32ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2021-10-011111118610.3390/min11111186Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible OriginElla V. Sokol0Svetlana N. Kokh1Anna V. Nekipelova2Adam Abersteiner3Yurii V. Seryotkin4Valeriy V. Ershov5Olga A. Nikitenko6Anna S. Deviatiiarova7Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaDepartment of Geosciences and Geography (GeoHel), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 10 Helsinki, FinlandSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Marine Geology and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Science, 1B, Nauki Street, 693022 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, RussiaInstitute of Marine Geology and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Science, 1B, Nauki Street, 693022 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, RussiaSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Koptyug Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaWe characterize the mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe, Zn, Pb, Sb, As, Hg, Ag sulfide assemblages from mud masses currently extruded by the onshore South Sakhalin and Pugachev mud volcanoes (Sakhalin Island, Russia). Abundant Tl-rich pyrite in sulfide concentrate samples from the mud volcanoes coexists with common Hg- and Ge-rich sphalerite, as well as with sporadic boulangerite, robinsonite, bournonite, galena, realgar, metacinnabar, cinnabar, acanthite, and chalcopyrite. Sphalerites are remarkably enriched in Hg (locally reaching 27 wt%) and coupled zwith permanent abnormal enrichment in Ge (3008–3408 ppm). According to single-crystal XRD analyses and Raman spectroscopy, both Hg-poor and Hg-rich sphalerites are single-phase (Zn,Hg)S<sub>cub</sub> compounds. Pyrite is of diagenetic origin, judging by its trace-element chemistry, particular morphology, and heavy S isotope composition. Another assemblage, composed of Pb-Sb-(Hg) sulfide minerals and lesser As, Cu, Ag, and Bi compounds, results from hydrothermal alteration and is genetically related to Neogene volcano-sedimentary rocks found among the ejecta of the mud volcanoes. The composition of impurities in sphalerite from mud masses indicates crystallization at temperatures lower than ~100 °C, under the leaching effect of mud volcano waters.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/11/1186sphaleritemetacinnabarcinnabarZnS-HgS seriesPb-Sb sulfosaltsLA-ICPMS |
| spellingShingle | Ella V. Sokol Svetlana N. Kokh Anna V. Nekipelova Adam Abersteiner Yurii V. Seryotkin Valeriy V. Ershov Olga A. Nikitenko Anna S. Deviatiiarova Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin Minerals sphalerite metacinnabar cinnabar ZnS-HgS series Pb-Sb sulfosalts LA-ICPMS |
| title | Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin |
| title_full | Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin |
| title_fullStr | Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin |
| title_short | Ge-Hg-Rich Sphalerite and Pb, Sb, As, Hg, and Ag Sulfide Assemblages in Mud Volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Russia: An Insight into Possible Origin |
| title_sort | ge hg rich sphalerite and pb sb as hg and ag sulfide assemblages in mud volcanoes of sakhalin island russia an insight into possible origin |
| topic | sphalerite metacinnabar cinnabar ZnS-HgS series Pb-Sb sulfosalts LA-ICPMS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/11/1186 |
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