Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020
The term children interstitial lung diseases (chILD) refers to a heterogeneous group of rare diseases that diffusely affect the lung. ChILD specific to children younger than 2 years of age include diffuse developmental disorders, growth abnormalities, specific conditions of undefined etiology (neuro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/7/12/280 |
| _version_ | 1797545306490929152 |
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| author | Valentina Agnese Ferraro Stefania Zanconato Andrea Zamunaro Silvia Carraro |
| author_facet | Valentina Agnese Ferraro Stefania Zanconato Andrea Zamunaro Silvia Carraro |
| author_sort | Valentina Agnese Ferraro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The term children interstitial lung diseases (chILD) refers to a heterogeneous group of rare diseases that diffusely affect the lung. ChILD specific to children younger than 2 years of age include diffuse developmental disorders, growth abnormalities, specific conditions of undefined etiology (neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis) and surfactant protein disorders. Clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from the absence of relevant symptoms to a severe onset. Most commonly, chILD presents with nonspecific respiratory signs and symptoms, such as dyspnea, polypnea, dry cough, wheezing, recurrent respiratory infections and exercise intolerance. In the diagnostic approach to a child with suspected ILD, chest high resolution computed tomography and genetic tests play a central role. Then, if the diagnosis remains uncertain, laryngotracheal-bronchoscopy and lung biopsy are needed. Pharmacological treatment is mostly empiric and based on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs including corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. Despite chILD overall rarity, pediatric pulmonologists must be familiar with these diseases in order to carry out a timely diagnosis and patient treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cd9a968879445c1b088ebea0bac52b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cd9a968879445c1b088ebea0bac52b22023-11-20T23:57:19ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672020-12-0171228010.3390/children7120280Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020Valentina Agnese Ferraro0Stefania Zanconato1Andrea Zamunaro2Silvia Carraro3Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Unit, Women’s and Children’s Health Department, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, ItalyPediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Unit, Women’s and Children’s Health Department, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, ItalyPediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Unit, Women’s and Children’s Health Department, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, ItalyPediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Unit, Women’s and Children’s Health Department, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, ItalyThe term children interstitial lung diseases (chILD) refers to a heterogeneous group of rare diseases that diffusely affect the lung. ChILD specific to children younger than 2 years of age include diffuse developmental disorders, growth abnormalities, specific conditions of undefined etiology (neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis) and surfactant protein disorders. Clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from the absence of relevant symptoms to a severe onset. Most commonly, chILD presents with nonspecific respiratory signs and symptoms, such as dyspnea, polypnea, dry cough, wheezing, recurrent respiratory infections and exercise intolerance. In the diagnostic approach to a child with suspected ILD, chest high resolution computed tomography and genetic tests play a central role. Then, if the diagnosis remains uncertain, laryngotracheal-bronchoscopy and lung biopsy are needed. Pharmacological treatment is mostly empiric and based on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs including corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. Despite chILD overall rarity, pediatric pulmonologists must be familiar with these diseases in order to carry out a timely diagnosis and patient treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/7/12/280children interstitial lung disease (chILD)chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT)genetic tests |
| spellingShingle | Valentina Agnese Ferraro Stefania Zanconato Andrea Zamunaro Silvia Carraro Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 Children children interstitial lung disease (chILD) chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) genetic tests |
| title | Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 |
| title_full | Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 |
| title_fullStr | Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 |
| title_short | Children’s Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Diseases (ChILD) in 2020 |
| title_sort | children s interstitial and diffuse lung diseases child in 2020 |
| topic | children interstitial lung disease (chILD) chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) genetic tests |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/7/12/280 |
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