Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology
Abstract Acknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and the long‐lasting neurological damage even after the epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in the evasion of the host's immune resp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Advanced Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202305554 |
| _version_ | 1827319056760307712 |
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| author | Haiqing Chang Erya Chen Yi Hu Lining Wu Liyun Deng Shixin Ye‐Lehmann Xiaobo Mao Tao Zhu Jin Liu Chan Chen |
| author_facet | Haiqing Chang Erya Chen Yi Hu Lining Wu Liyun Deng Shixin Ye‐Lehmann Xiaobo Mao Tao Zhu Jin Liu Chan Chen |
| author_sort | Haiqing Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Acknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and the long‐lasting neurological damage even after the epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in the evasion of the host's immune response and achieve immune evasion in SARS‐CoV‐2 systemic spreading, contribute to the virus's attack on the central nervous system (CNS). The pro‐inflammatory, pro‐coagulant, and immunomodulatory properties of EVs contents may directly drive neuroinflammation and cerebral thrombosis in COVID‐19. Additionally, EVs have attracted attention as potential candidates for targeted therapy in COVID‐19 due to their innate homing properties, low immunogenicity, and ability to cross the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) freely. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs) secreted EVs are widely applied and evaluated in patients with COVID‐19 for their therapeutic effect, considering the limited antiviral treatment. This review summarizes the involvement of EVs in COVID‐19 neuropathology as carriers of SARS‐CoV‐2 or other pathogenic contents, as predictors of COVID‐19 neuropathology by transporting brain‐derived substances, and as therapeutic agents by delivering biotherapeutic substances or drugs. Understanding the diverse roles of EVs in the neuropathological aspects of COVID‐19 provides a comprehensive framework for developing, treating, and preventing central neuropathology and the severe consequences associated with the disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:13:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cdc194d56c449d6b509242b41257372 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-3844 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:13:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cdc194d56c449d6b509242b412573722024-03-13T07:30:34ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442024-03-011110n/an/a10.1002/advs.202305554Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central NeuropathologyHaiqing Chang0Erya Chen1Yi Hu2Lining Wu3Liyun Deng4Shixin Ye‐Lehmann5Xiaobo Mao6Tao Zhu7Jin Liu8Chan Chen9Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Honghui hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDiseases and Hormones of the Nervous System University of Paris‐Scalay Bicêtre Hosptial Bât Grégory Pincus 80 Rue du Gal Leclerc, Cedex Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94276 FranceDepartment of Neurology Institute of Cell Engineering School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USADepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 ChinaAbstract Acknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and the long‐lasting neurological damage even after the epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in the evasion of the host's immune response and achieve immune evasion in SARS‐CoV‐2 systemic spreading, contribute to the virus's attack on the central nervous system (CNS). The pro‐inflammatory, pro‐coagulant, and immunomodulatory properties of EVs contents may directly drive neuroinflammation and cerebral thrombosis in COVID‐19. Additionally, EVs have attracted attention as potential candidates for targeted therapy in COVID‐19 due to their innate homing properties, low immunogenicity, and ability to cross the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) freely. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs) secreted EVs are widely applied and evaluated in patients with COVID‐19 for their therapeutic effect, considering the limited antiviral treatment. This review summarizes the involvement of EVs in COVID‐19 neuropathology as carriers of SARS‐CoV‐2 or other pathogenic contents, as predictors of COVID‐19 neuropathology by transporting brain‐derived substances, and as therapeutic agents by delivering biotherapeutic substances or drugs. Understanding the diverse roles of EVs in the neuropathological aspects of COVID‐19 provides a comprehensive framework for developing, treating, and preventing central neuropathology and the severe consequences associated with the disease.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202305554COVID‐19central nervous systemextracellular vesiclesneuropathologySARS‐CoV‐2 |
| spellingShingle | Haiqing Chang Erya Chen Yi Hu Lining Wu Liyun Deng Shixin Ye‐Lehmann Xiaobo Mao Tao Zhu Jin Liu Chan Chen Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology Advanced Science COVID‐19 central nervous system extracellular vesicles neuropathology SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles the invisible heroes and villains of covid 19 central neuropathology |
| topic | COVID‐19 central nervous system extracellular vesicles neuropathology SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202305554 |
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