Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range
We report on a fiber-coupled, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) near-IR sensor for sequential detection of methane (CH<sub>4</sub> or C1) and ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> or C2) in air. With the aim of developing a lightweight, compact, low-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5607 |
| _version_ | 1797546379474632704 |
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| author | Giansergio Menduni Fabrizio Sgobba Stefano Dello Russo Ada Cristina Ranieri Angelo Sampaolo Pietro Patimisco Marilena Giglio Vittorio M.N. Passaro Sebastian Csutak Dario Assante Ezio Ranieri Eric Geoffrion Vincenzo Spagnolo |
| author_facet | Giansergio Menduni Fabrizio Sgobba Stefano Dello Russo Ada Cristina Ranieri Angelo Sampaolo Pietro Patimisco Marilena Giglio Vittorio M.N. Passaro Sebastian Csutak Dario Assante Ezio Ranieri Eric Geoffrion Vincenzo Spagnolo |
| author_sort | Giansergio Menduni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report on a fiber-coupled, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) near-IR sensor for sequential detection of methane (CH<sub>4</sub> or C1) and ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> or C2) in air. With the aim of developing a lightweight, compact, low-power-consumption sensor suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-empowered environmental monitoring, an all-fiber configuration was designed and realized. Two laser diodes emitting at 1653.7 nm and 1684 nm for CH<sub>4</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> detection, respectively, were fiber-combined and fiber-coupled to the collimator port of the acoustic detection module. No cross talk between methane and ethane QEPAS signal was observed, and the related peak signals were well resolved. The QEPAS sensor was calibrated using gas samples generated from certified concentrations of 1% CH<sub>4</sub> in N<sub>2</sub> and 1% C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> in N<sub>2</sub>. At a lock-in integration time of 100 ms, minimum detection limits of 0.76 ppm and 34 ppm for methane and ethane were achieved, respectively. The relaxation rate of CH<sub>4</sub> in standard air has been investigated considering the effects of H<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> molecules. No influence on the CH<sub>4</sub> QEPAS signal is expected when the water vapor concentration level present in air varies in the range 0.6–3%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:28:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cf1777f5a994aca98d6ba370018d0d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:28:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cf1777f5a994aca98d6ba370018d0d02023-11-20T22:46:50ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-11-012523560710.3390/molecules25235607Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral RangeGiansergio Menduni0Fabrizio Sgobba1Stefano Dello Russo2Ada Cristina Ranieri3Angelo Sampaolo4Pietro Patimisco5Marilena Giglio6Vittorio M.N. Passaro7Sebastian Csutak8Dario Assante9Ezio Ranieri10Eric Geoffrion11Vincenzo Spagnolo12PolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyPhotonics Research Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyIndependent Consultant, 16300 Park Row Dr, Houston, TX 77084, USAFaculty of Engineering, Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, ItalyThorlabs Canada ULC, 361 Boulevard Montpellier, Saint-Laurent, QC H4N 2G6, CanadaPolySense Lab, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University and Politecnico of Bari, CNR-IFN, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ItalyWe report on a fiber-coupled, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) near-IR sensor for sequential detection of methane (CH<sub>4</sub> or C1) and ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> or C2) in air. With the aim of developing a lightweight, compact, low-power-consumption sensor suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-empowered environmental monitoring, an all-fiber configuration was designed and realized. Two laser diodes emitting at 1653.7 nm and 1684 nm for CH<sub>4</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> detection, respectively, were fiber-combined and fiber-coupled to the collimator port of the acoustic detection module. No cross talk between methane and ethane QEPAS signal was observed, and the related peak signals were well resolved. The QEPAS sensor was calibrated using gas samples generated from certified concentrations of 1% CH<sub>4</sub> in N<sub>2</sub> and 1% C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> in N<sub>2</sub>. At a lock-in integration time of 100 ms, minimum detection limits of 0.76 ppm and 34 ppm for methane and ethane were achieved, respectively. The relaxation rate of CH<sub>4</sub> in standard air has been investigated considering the effects of H<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> molecules. No influence on the CH<sub>4</sub> QEPAS signal is expected when the water vapor concentration level present in air varies in the range 0.6–3%.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5607quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopynear-IR fiber combinermethaneethane |
| spellingShingle | Giansergio Menduni Fabrizio Sgobba Stefano Dello Russo Ada Cristina Ranieri Angelo Sampaolo Pietro Patimisco Marilena Giglio Vittorio M.N. Passaro Sebastian Csutak Dario Assante Ezio Ranieri Eric Geoffrion Vincenzo Spagnolo Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range Molecules quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy near-IR fiber combiner methane ethane |
| title | Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range |
| title_full | Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range |
| title_fullStr | Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range |
| title_short | Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy System for Methane and Ethane Monitoring in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range |
| title_sort | fiber coupled quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy system for methane and ethane monitoring in the near infrared spectral range |
| topic | quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy near-IR fiber combiner methane ethane |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5607 |
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