Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli
Fruit fly larvae, which exist widely in nature, achieve peristaltic motion via the contraction and elongation of their bodies and the asymmetric friction generated by the front and rear parts of their bodies when they are in contact with the ground. Herein, we report the development of an untethered...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Biomimetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/8/4/379 |
| _version_ | 1827730229517352960 |
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| author | Wenlong Pan Chongyi Gao Chen Zhu Yabing Yang Lin Xu |
| author_facet | Wenlong Pan Chongyi Gao Chen Zhu Yabing Yang Lin Xu |
| author_sort | Wenlong Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fruit fly larvae, which exist widely in nature, achieve peristaltic motion via the contraction and elongation of their bodies and the asymmetric friction generated by the front and rear parts of their bodies when they are in contact with the ground. Herein, we report the development of an untethered, magnetic, temperature-sensitive hydrogel-based soft robot that mimics the asymmetric micro-patterns of fruit-fly-larvae gastropods and utilizes cyclic deformation to achieve directional peristaltic locomotion. Due to Néel relaxation losses of nanomagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles, the hydrogel-based soft robot is capable of converting changes in external alternating magnetic stimuli into contracting and expanding deformation responses which can be remotely controlled via a high-frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF) to realize periodic actuation. Furthermore, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles included in the hydrogel-based soft robot cause it to follow a gradient magnetic field in confined liquid environments and can be coupled with AMFs for the targeted release of water-soluble drugs or targeted magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT). We believe that such a controlled motion can enable highly targeted drug delivery, as well as vascular disease detection and thrombus removal tasks, without the use of invasive procedures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:05:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cf631417aa942d496b53c61ebecebeb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-7673 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:05:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomimetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cf631417aa942d496b53c61ebecebeb2023-11-19T00:23:03ZengMDPI AGBiomimetics2313-76732023-08-018437910.3390/biomimetics8040379Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal StimuliWenlong Pan0Chongyi Gao1Chen Zhu2Yabing Yang3Lin Xu4Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaFruit fly larvae, which exist widely in nature, achieve peristaltic motion via the contraction and elongation of their bodies and the asymmetric friction generated by the front and rear parts of their bodies when they are in contact with the ground. Herein, we report the development of an untethered, magnetic, temperature-sensitive hydrogel-based soft robot that mimics the asymmetric micro-patterns of fruit-fly-larvae gastropods and utilizes cyclic deformation to achieve directional peristaltic locomotion. Due to Néel relaxation losses of nanomagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles, the hydrogel-based soft robot is capable of converting changes in external alternating magnetic stimuli into contracting and expanding deformation responses which can be remotely controlled via a high-frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF) to realize periodic actuation. Furthermore, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles included in the hydrogel-based soft robot cause it to follow a gradient magnetic field in confined liquid environments and can be coupled with AMFs for the targeted release of water-soluble drugs or targeted magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT). We believe that such a controlled motion can enable highly targeted drug delivery, as well as vascular disease detection and thrombus removal tasks, without the use of invasive procedures.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/8/4/379magnetictemperature-sensitive hydrogeluntethered soft robotbionic gastropodgradient magnetic field |
| spellingShingle | Wenlong Pan Chongyi Gao Chen Zhu Yabing Yang Lin Xu Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli Biomimetics magnetic temperature-sensitive hydrogel untethered soft robot bionic gastropod gradient magnetic field |
| title | Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli |
| title_full | Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli |
| title_fullStr | Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli |
| title_short | Kinematic Behavior of an Untethered, Small-Scale Hydrogel-Based Soft Robot in Response to Magneto-Thermal Stimuli |
| title_sort | kinematic behavior of an untethered small scale hydrogel based soft robot in response to magneto thermal stimuli |
| topic | magnetic temperature-sensitive hydrogel untethered soft robot bionic gastropod gradient magnetic field |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/8/4/379 |
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