Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp.
Ciguatoxins (CTXs) and CTX precursors are produced by several <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. These polyether toxins are associated to ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). In addition to CTX, maitotoxins (MTX) and gambierol are also produced by these dinoflagellates. MTX mechanism of action is stri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00178/full |
| _version_ | 1824012590166048768 |
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| author | Jon Andoni Sánchez |
| author_facet | Jon Andoni Sánchez |
| author_sort | Jon Andoni Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ciguatoxins (CTXs) and CTX precursors are produced by several <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. These polyether toxins are associated to ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). In addition to CTX, maitotoxins (MTX) and gambierol are also produced by these dinoflagellates. MTX mechanism of action is strictly Ca2+ dependent, since the toxin induces a massive cytoplasmatic Ca2+ entrance. However, CTX activates the voltage-dependent sodium channels and no relation with calcium fluxes has been showed. The aim of this work was to study the effect of both toxins in the cytoplasmic calcium levels in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line by using the fluorescent probe Fura-2 AM. Two completely different calcium profiles were obtained. While, MTX induces a sustained dose-dependent increase in Fura-2 ratio, CTX produces a light increase in dye ratio. From MTX results a calibration curve concentration versus Fura-2 ratio was obtained where the toxin concentration of an unknown sample can be calculated. Then, the effect of four samples from <i>Gambierdiscus</i> cultures was studied and different calcium profiles were obtained. A high increase in Fura-2 ratio was observed in two samples. The calcium profile was similar to MTX and by using the calibration curve the amount of toxin was calculated (4.9 and 1.8 nM of MTX). In the other samples, from the Fura-2 results the presence of CTX like compounds can be established. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T21:50:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4cfda3d9c9ce4630b2feb20ccce64330 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T21:50:05Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4cfda3d9c9ce4630b2feb20ccce643302022-12-21T20:50:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452014-06-01110.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00178100405Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp.Jon Andoni Sánchez0University of Santiago de CompostelaCiguatoxins (CTXs) and CTX precursors are produced by several <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. These polyether toxins are associated to ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). In addition to CTX, maitotoxins (MTX) and gambierol are also produced by these dinoflagellates. MTX mechanism of action is strictly Ca2+ dependent, since the toxin induces a massive cytoplasmatic Ca2+ entrance. However, CTX activates the voltage-dependent sodium channels and no relation with calcium fluxes has been showed. The aim of this work was to study the effect of both toxins in the cytoplasmic calcium levels in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line by using the fluorescent probe Fura-2 AM. Two completely different calcium profiles were obtained. While, MTX induces a sustained dose-dependent increase in Fura-2 ratio, CTX produces a light increase in dye ratio. From MTX results a calibration curve concentration versus Fura-2 ratio was obtained where the toxin concentration of an unknown sample can be calculated. Then, the effect of four samples from <i>Gambierdiscus</i> cultures was studied and different calcium profiles were obtained. A high increase in Fura-2 ratio was observed in two samples. The calcium profile was similar to MTX and by using the calibration curve the amount of toxin was calculated (4.9 and 1.8 nM of MTX). In the other samples, from the Fura-2 results the presence of CTX like compounds can be established.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00178/fullCalciumCiguatera PoisoningCiguatoxinsmaitotoxinFura-2 AMGambierdiscus spp. |
| spellingShingle | Jon Andoni Sánchez Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. Frontiers in Marine Science Calcium Ciguatera Poisoning Ciguatoxins maitotoxin Fura-2 AM Gambierdiscus spp. |
| title | Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. |
| title_full | Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. |
| title_fullStr | Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. |
| title_short | Alternative method to detect compounds produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i> spp. |
| title_sort | alternative method to detect compounds produced by i gambierdiscus i spp |
| topic | Calcium Ciguatera Poisoning Ciguatoxins maitotoxin Fura-2 AM Gambierdiscus spp. |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00178/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jonandonisanchez alternativemethodtodetectcompoundsproducedbyigambierdiscusispp |