Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space
How microgravity in space influences plant cell growth is an important issue for plant cell biology as well as space biology. We investigated the role of cortical microtubules in the stimulation of elongation growth in Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>) hypocotyls under microgravi...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| author | Shiho Kato Mana Murakami Ryo Saika Kouichi Soga Kazuyuki Wakabayashi Hirofumi Hashimoto Sachiko Yano Shohei Matsumoto Haruo Kasahara Motoshi Kamada Toru Shimazu Takashi Hashimoto Takayuki Hoson |
| author_facet | Shiho Kato Mana Murakami Ryo Saika Kouichi Soga Kazuyuki Wakabayashi Hirofumi Hashimoto Sachiko Yano Shohei Matsumoto Haruo Kasahara Motoshi Kamada Toru Shimazu Takashi Hashimoto Takayuki Hoson |
| author_sort | Shiho Kato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | How microgravity in space influences plant cell growth is an important issue for plant cell biology as well as space biology. We investigated the role of cortical microtubules in the stimulation of elongation growth in Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>) hypocotyls under microgravity conditions with the Resist Tubule space experiment. The epidermal cells in the lower half of the hypocotyls of wild-type Columbia were longer in microgravity than at on-orbit 1 <i>g</i>, which precipitated an increase in the entire hypocotyl length. In the apical region, cortical microtubules adjacent to the outer tangential wall were predominantly transverse to the long axis of the cell, whereas longitudinal microtubules were predominant in the basal region. In the 9th to 12th epidermal cells (1 to 3 mm) from the tip, where the modification of microtubule orientation from transverse to longitudinal directions (reorientation) occurred, cells with transverse microtubules increased, whereas those with longitudinal microtubules decreased in microgravity, and the average angle with respect to the transverse cell axis decreased, indicating that the reorientation was suppressed in microgravity. The expression of tubulin genes was suppressed in microgravity. These results suggest that under microgravity conditions, the expression of genes related to microtubule formation was downregulated, which may cause the suppression of microtubule reorientation from transverse to longitudinal directions, thereby stimulating cell elongation in Arabidopsis hypocotyls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:17:28Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:17:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d03c9a1c4a34907bb3efab6c9f62ab72023-11-23T17:32:28ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-02-0111346510.3390/plants11030465Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in SpaceShiho Kato0Mana Murakami1Ryo Saika2Kouichi Soga3Kazuyuki Wakabayashi4Hirofumi Hashimoto5Sachiko Yano6Shohei Matsumoto7Haruo Kasahara8Motoshi Kamada9Toru Shimazu10Takashi Hashimoto11Takayuki Hoson12Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanInstitute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, JapanJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba 305-8505, JapanJapan Manned Space Systems, Tokyo 100-0004, JapanJapan Manned Space Systems, Tokyo 100-0004, JapanAdvanced Engineering Services, Tsukuba 305-0032, JapanJapan Space Forum, Tokyo 101-0062, JapanDivision of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, JapanDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanHow microgravity in space influences plant cell growth is an important issue for plant cell biology as well as space biology. We investigated the role of cortical microtubules in the stimulation of elongation growth in Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>) hypocotyls under microgravity conditions with the Resist Tubule space experiment. The epidermal cells in the lower half of the hypocotyls of wild-type Columbia were longer in microgravity than at on-orbit 1 <i>g</i>, which precipitated an increase in the entire hypocotyl length. In the apical region, cortical microtubules adjacent to the outer tangential wall were predominantly transverse to the long axis of the cell, whereas longitudinal microtubules were predominant in the basal region. In the 9th to 12th epidermal cells (1 to 3 mm) from the tip, where the modification of microtubule orientation from transverse to longitudinal directions (reorientation) occurred, cells with transverse microtubules increased, whereas those with longitudinal microtubules decreased in microgravity, and the average angle with respect to the transverse cell axis decreased, indicating that the reorientation was suppressed in microgravity. The expression of tubulin genes was suppressed in microgravity. These results suggest that under microgravity conditions, the expression of genes related to microtubule formation was downregulated, which may cause the suppression of microtubule reorientation from transverse to longitudinal directions, thereby stimulating cell elongation in Arabidopsis hypocotyls.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/465Arabidopsiscell elongationcortical microtubulesgravity resistancemicrogravityResist Tubule |
| spellingShingle | Shiho Kato Mana Murakami Ryo Saika Kouichi Soga Kazuyuki Wakabayashi Hirofumi Hashimoto Sachiko Yano Shohei Matsumoto Haruo Kasahara Motoshi Kamada Toru Shimazu Takashi Hashimoto Takayuki Hoson Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space Plants Arabidopsis cell elongation cortical microtubules gravity resistance microgravity Resist Tubule |
| title | Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space |
| title_full | Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space |
| title_fullStr | Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space |
| title_full_unstemmed | Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space |
| title_short | Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space |
| title_sort | suppression of cortical microtubule reorientation and stimulation of cell elongation in arabidopsis hypocotyls under microgravity conditions in space |
| topic | Arabidopsis cell elongation cortical microtubules gravity resistance microgravity Resist Tubule |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/465 |
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