Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering
Stem cells have been extensively used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering; however, they often lose their functionality because of the inflammatory microenvironment. This leads to their poor survival, retention, and engraftment at transplantation sites. Considering the rapid loss of tran...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.747398/full |
| _version_ | 1818990471810121728 |
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| author | Muhammad Shafiq Onaza Ali Seong-Beom Han Dong-Hwee Kim Dong-Hwee Kim |
| author_facet | Muhammad Shafiq Onaza Ali Seong-Beom Han Dong-Hwee Kim Dong-Hwee Kim |
| author_sort | Muhammad Shafiq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stem cells have been extensively used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering; however, they often lose their functionality because of the inflammatory microenvironment. This leads to their poor survival, retention, and engraftment at transplantation sites. Considering the rapid loss of transplanted cells due to poor cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions during transplantation, it has been reasoned that stem cells mainly mediate reparative responses via paracrine mechanisms, including the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Ameliorating poor cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions may obviate the limitations associated with the poor retention and engraftment of transplanted cells and enable them to mediate tissue repair through the sustained and localized presentation of secreted bioactive cues. Biomaterial-mediated strategies may be leveraged to confer stem cells enhanced immunomodulatory properties, as well as better engraftment and retention at the target site. In these approaches, biomaterials have been exploited to spatiotemporally present bioactive cues to stem cell-laden platforms (e.g., aggregates, microtissues, and tissue-engineered constructs). An array of biomaterials, such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, and scaffolds, has been exploited to facilitate stem cells function at the target site. Additionally, biomaterials can be harnessed to suppress the inflammatory microenvironment to induce enhanced tissue repair. In this review, we summarize biomaterial-based platforms that impact stem cell function for better tissue repair that may have broader implications for the treatment of various diseases as well as tissue regeneration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:54:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d14a10ce3e84b849e42625e5d1ff2ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:54:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d14a10ce3e84b849e42625e5d1ff2ba2022-12-21T19:28:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2021-12-01910.3389/fcell.2021.747398747398Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue EngineeringMuhammad Shafiq0Onaza Ali1Seong-Beom Han2Dong-Hwee Kim3Dong-Hwee Kim4Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, PakistanSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, ChinaKU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaKU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Integrative Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaStem cells have been extensively used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering; however, they often lose their functionality because of the inflammatory microenvironment. This leads to their poor survival, retention, and engraftment at transplantation sites. Considering the rapid loss of transplanted cells due to poor cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions during transplantation, it has been reasoned that stem cells mainly mediate reparative responses via paracrine mechanisms, including the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Ameliorating poor cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions may obviate the limitations associated with the poor retention and engraftment of transplanted cells and enable them to mediate tissue repair through the sustained and localized presentation of secreted bioactive cues. Biomaterial-mediated strategies may be leveraged to confer stem cells enhanced immunomodulatory properties, as well as better engraftment and retention at the target site. In these approaches, biomaterials have been exploited to spatiotemporally present bioactive cues to stem cell-laden platforms (e.g., aggregates, microtissues, and tissue-engineered constructs). An array of biomaterials, such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, and scaffolds, has been exploited to facilitate stem cells function at the target site. Additionally, biomaterials can be harnessed to suppress the inflammatory microenvironment to induce enhanced tissue repair. In this review, we summarize biomaterial-based platforms that impact stem cell function for better tissue repair that may have broader implications for the treatment of various diseases as well as tissue regeneration.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.747398/fullbiomaterialsstem cellmechanobiologycell fate modulationimmunosuppressioncell therapy |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Shafiq Onaza Ali Seong-Beom Han Dong-Hwee Kim Dong-Hwee Kim Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology biomaterials stem cell mechanobiology cell fate modulation immunosuppression cell therapy |
| title | Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
| title_full | Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
| title_fullStr | Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
| title_short | Mechanobiological Strategies to Enhance Stem Cell Functionality for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
| title_sort | mechanobiological strategies to enhance stem cell functionality for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering |
| topic | biomaterials stem cell mechanobiology cell fate modulation immunosuppression cell therapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.747398/full |
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