Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better?
In the realm of solar forecasting, it is common to use a clear sky model output to deseasonalise the solar irradiance time series needed to build the forecasting models. However, most of these clear sky models require the setting of atmospheric parameters for which accurate values may not be availab...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Solar |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9941/2/4/26 |
| _version_ | 1827636789497561088 |
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| author | Philippe Lauret Rodrigo Alonso-Suárez Josselin Le Gal La Salle Mathieu David |
| author_facet | Philippe Lauret Rodrigo Alonso-Suárez Josselin Le Gal La Salle Mathieu David |
| author_sort | Philippe Lauret |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the realm of solar forecasting, it is common to use a clear sky model output to deseasonalise the solar irradiance time series needed to build the forecasting models. However, most of these clear sky models require the setting of atmospheric parameters for which accurate values may not be available for the site under study. This can hamper the accuracy of the prediction models. Normalisation of the irradiance data with a clear sky model leads to the construction of forecasting models with the so-called clear sky index. Another way to normalize the irradiance data is to rely on the extraterrestrial irradiance, which is the irradiance at the top of the atmosphere. Extraterrestrial irradiance is defined by a simple equation that is related to the geometric course of the sun. Normalisation with the extraterrestrial irradiance leads to the building of models with the clearness index. In the solar forecasting domain, most models are built using time series based on the clear sky index. However, there is no empirical evidence thus far that the clear sky index approach outperforms the clearness index approach. Therefore the goal of this preliminary study is to evaluate and compare the two approaches. The numerical experimental setup for evaluating the two approaches is based on three forecasting methods, namely, a simple persistence model, a linear AutoRegressive (AR) model, and a non-linear neural network (NN) model, all of which are applied at six sites with different sky conditions. It is shown that normalization of the solar irradiance with the help of a clear sky model produces better forecasts irrespective of the type of model used. However, it is demonstrated that a nonlinear forecasting technique such as a neural network built with clearness time series can beat simple linear models constructed with the clear sky index. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:50:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d170311eaee49aeba5f5bc0b6acb88b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-9941 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:50:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Solar |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d170311eaee49aeba5f5bc0b6acb88b2023-11-24T18:03:38ZengMDPI AGSolar2673-99412022-10-012443244410.3390/solar2040026Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better?Philippe Lauret0Rodrigo Alonso-Suárez1Josselin Le Gal La Salle2Mathieu David3PIMENT Laboratory, University of La Reunion, 15, Avenue René Cassin, CEDEX, 97715 Saint-Denis, FranceLaboratorio de Energía Solar, Facultad de Ingeniería, Udelar, J. H. y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, UruguayPIMENT Laboratory, University of La Reunion, 15, Avenue René Cassin, CEDEX, 97715 Saint-Denis, FrancePIMENT Laboratory, University of La Reunion, 15, Avenue René Cassin, CEDEX, 97715 Saint-Denis, FranceIn the realm of solar forecasting, it is common to use a clear sky model output to deseasonalise the solar irradiance time series needed to build the forecasting models. However, most of these clear sky models require the setting of atmospheric parameters for which accurate values may not be available for the site under study. This can hamper the accuracy of the prediction models. Normalisation of the irradiance data with a clear sky model leads to the construction of forecasting models with the so-called clear sky index. Another way to normalize the irradiance data is to rely on the extraterrestrial irradiance, which is the irradiance at the top of the atmosphere. Extraterrestrial irradiance is defined by a simple equation that is related to the geometric course of the sun. Normalisation with the extraterrestrial irradiance leads to the building of models with the clearness index. In the solar forecasting domain, most models are built using time series based on the clear sky index. However, there is no empirical evidence thus far that the clear sky index approach outperforms the clearness index approach. Therefore the goal of this preliminary study is to evaluate and compare the two approaches. The numerical experimental setup for evaluating the two approaches is based on three forecasting methods, namely, a simple persistence model, a linear AutoRegressive (AR) model, and a non-linear neural network (NN) model, all of which are applied at six sites with different sky conditions. It is shown that normalization of the solar irradiance with the help of a clear sky model produces better forecasts irrespective of the type of model used. However, it is demonstrated that a nonlinear forecasting technique such as a neural network built with clearness time series can beat simple linear models constructed with the clear sky index.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9941/2/4/26solar irradiance forecastsclear sky indexclearness indexextraterrestrial irradianceclear sky model |
| spellingShingle | Philippe Lauret Rodrigo Alonso-Suárez Josselin Le Gal La Salle Mathieu David Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? Solar solar irradiance forecasts clear sky index clearness index extraterrestrial irradiance clear sky model |
| title | Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? |
| title_full | Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? |
| title_fullStr | Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? |
| title_short | Solar Forecasts Based on the Clear Sky Index or the Clearness Index: Which Is Better? |
| title_sort | solar forecasts based on the clear sky index or the clearness index which is better |
| topic | solar irradiance forecasts clear sky index clearness index extraterrestrial irradiance clear sky model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9941/2/4/26 |
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