Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts, widely known as a green synthesis method, has been extensively studied. Nanoparticles produced through this method have applications as antibacterial agents. Bacterial and viral infection can be prevented by use of antibacterial agents such...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4641 |
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| author | Ika O. Wulandari Baiq E. Pebriatin Vita Valiana Saprizal Hadisaputra Agus D. Ananto Akhmad Sabarudin |
| author_facet | Ika O. Wulandari Baiq E. Pebriatin Vita Valiana Saprizal Hadisaputra Agus D. Ananto Akhmad Sabarudin |
| author_sort | Ika O. Wulandari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts, widely known as a green synthesis method, has been extensively studied. Nanoparticles produced through this method have applications as antibacterial agents. Bacterial and viral infection can be prevented by use of antibacterial agents such as soap, disinfectants, and hand sanitizer. Silver nanoparticles represent promising hand sanitizer ingredients due to their antibacterial activity and can enable reduced use of alcohol and triclosan. This study employed silver nanoparticles synthesized using <i>Kepok</i> banana peel extract (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i> L.). Nanoparticle effectiveness as a hand sanitizer can be enhanced by coating with a biocompatible polymer such as chitosan. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was conducted using UV-Vis, with an obtained peak at 434.5 nm. SEM-EDX analysis indicated nanoparticles with a spherical morphology. Silver nanoparticles coated with chitosan were characterized through FTIR to verify the attached functional groups. Gel hand sanitizers were produced using silver nanoparticles coated with different chitosan concentrations. Several tests were undertaken to determine the gel characteristics, including pH, syneresis, and antibacterial activity. Syneresis leads to unstable gels, but was found to be inhibited by adding chitosan at a concentration of 2%. Antibacterial activity was found to increase with increase in chitosan concentration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:27:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d26bf2c1c0a48eabf3129124f8a4b99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:27:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d26bf2c1c0a48eabf3129124f8a4b992023-12-01T21:34:36ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-07-011513464110.3390/ma15134641Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer FormulationIka O. Wulandari0Baiq E. Pebriatin1Vita Valiana2Saprizal Hadisaputra3Agus D. Ananto4Akhmad Sabarudin5Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, IndonesiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, IndonesiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, IndonesiaEducational Chemistry Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Mataram 83125, IndonesiaPharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram 83125, IndonesiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, IndonesiaThe synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts, widely known as a green synthesis method, has been extensively studied. Nanoparticles produced through this method have applications as antibacterial agents. Bacterial and viral infection can be prevented by use of antibacterial agents such as soap, disinfectants, and hand sanitizer. Silver nanoparticles represent promising hand sanitizer ingredients due to their antibacterial activity and can enable reduced use of alcohol and triclosan. This study employed silver nanoparticles synthesized using <i>Kepok</i> banana peel extract (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i> L.). Nanoparticle effectiveness as a hand sanitizer can be enhanced by coating with a biocompatible polymer such as chitosan. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was conducted using UV-Vis, with an obtained peak at 434.5 nm. SEM-EDX analysis indicated nanoparticles with a spherical morphology. Silver nanoparticles coated with chitosan were characterized through FTIR to verify the attached functional groups. Gel hand sanitizers were produced using silver nanoparticles coated with different chitosan concentrations. Several tests were undertaken to determine the gel characteristics, including pH, syneresis, and antibacterial activity. Syneresis leads to unstable gels, but was found to be inhibited by adding chitosan at a concentration of 2%. Antibacterial activity was found to increase with increase in chitosan concentration.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4641silvernanoparticlehand sanitizergreen synthesischitosan |
| spellingShingle | Ika O. Wulandari Baiq E. Pebriatin Vita Valiana Saprizal Hadisaputra Agus D. Ananto Akhmad Sabarudin Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation Materials silver nanoparticle hand sanitizer green synthesis chitosan |
| title | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation |
| title_full | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation |
| title_short | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Coated by Water Soluble Chitosan and Its Potency as Non-Alcoholic Hand Sanitizer Formulation |
| title_sort | green synthesis of silver nanoparticles coated by water soluble chitosan and its potency as non alcoholic hand sanitizer formulation |
| topic | silver nanoparticle hand sanitizer green synthesis chitosan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4641 |
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