Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19
Morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due in large part to severe cytokine storm and hypercoagulable state brought on by dysregulated host-inflammatory immune response, ultimately leading to multi-organ failure. Exacerbated oxidative stress caused by increased levels of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/10/914 |
| _version_ | 1797552610946842624 |
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| author | Vika Guloyan Buzand Oganesian Nicole Baghdasaryan Christopher Yeh Manpreet Singh Frederick Guilford Yu-Sam Ting Vishwanath Venketaraman |
| author_facet | Vika Guloyan Buzand Oganesian Nicole Baghdasaryan Christopher Yeh Manpreet Singh Frederick Guilford Yu-Sam Ting Vishwanath Venketaraman |
| author_sort | Vika Guloyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due in large part to severe cytokine storm and hypercoagulable state brought on by dysregulated host-inflammatory immune response, ultimately leading to multi-organ failure. Exacerbated oxidative stress caused by increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) along with decreased levels of interferon α and interferon β (IFN-α, IFN-β) are mainly believed to drive the disease process. Based on the evidence attesting to the ability of glutathione (GSH) to inhibit viral replication and decrease levels of IL-6 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) patients, as well as beneficial effects of GSH on other pulmonary diseases processes, we believe the use of liposomal GSH could be beneficial in COVID-19 patients. This review discusses the epidemiology, transmission, and clinical presentation of COVID-19 with a focus on its pathogenesis and the possible use of liposomal GSH as an adjunctive treatment to the current treatment modalities in COVID-19 patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d28f33edd6548deaeee09a36dfb75e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d28f33edd6548deaeee09a36dfb75e72023-11-20T15:04:14ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-09-0191091410.3390/antiox9100914Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19Vika Guloyan0Buzand Oganesian1Nicole Baghdasaryan2Christopher Yeh3Manpreet Singh4Frederick Guilford5Yu-Sam Ting6Vishwanath Venketaraman7College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USACollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USACollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USACollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, St Barnabas Hospital, Bronx, NY 10457, USAYour Energy Systems, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USACollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USACollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USAMorbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due in large part to severe cytokine storm and hypercoagulable state brought on by dysregulated host-inflammatory immune response, ultimately leading to multi-organ failure. Exacerbated oxidative stress caused by increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) along with decreased levels of interferon α and interferon β (IFN-α, IFN-β) are mainly believed to drive the disease process. Based on the evidence attesting to the ability of glutathione (GSH) to inhibit viral replication and decrease levels of IL-6 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) patients, as well as beneficial effects of GSH on other pulmonary diseases processes, we believe the use of liposomal GSH could be beneficial in COVID-19 patients. This review discusses the epidemiology, transmission, and clinical presentation of COVID-19 with a focus on its pathogenesis and the possible use of liposomal GSH as an adjunctive treatment to the current treatment modalities in COVID-19 patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/10/914COVID-19glutathionecytokinesTNF-αIL-6 |
| spellingShingle | Vika Guloyan Buzand Oganesian Nicole Baghdasaryan Christopher Yeh Manpreet Singh Frederick Guilford Yu-Sam Ting Vishwanath Venketaraman Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 Antioxidants COVID-19 glutathione cytokines TNF-α IL-6 |
| title | Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 |
| title_full | Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 |
| title_short | Glutathione Supplementation as an Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 |
| title_sort | glutathione supplementation as an adjunctive therapy in covid 19 |
| topic | COVID-19 glutathione cytokines TNF-α IL-6 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/10/914 |
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