Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i>
Lutein has several benefits for human health, playing an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, amelioration of the first stages of atherosclerosis, and some types of cancer. In this work, the <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> microalga was us...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1324 |
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| author | Sanjeet Mehariya Angela Iovine Giuseppe Di Sanzo Vincenzo Larocca Maria Martino Gian Paolo Leone Patrizia Casella Despina Karatza Tiziana Marino Dino Musmarra Antonio Molino |
| author_facet | Sanjeet Mehariya Angela Iovine Giuseppe Di Sanzo Vincenzo Larocca Maria Martino Gian Paolo Leone Patrizia Casella Despina Karatza Tiziana Marino Dino Musmarra Antonio Molino |
| author_sort | Sanjeet Mehariya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lutein has several benefits for human health, playing an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, amelioration of the first stages of atherosclerosis, and some types of cancer. In this work, the <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> microalga was used as a natural source for the supercritical fluid (SF) extraction of lutein. For this purpose, the optimization of the main parameters affecting the extraction, such as biomass pre-treatment, temperature, pressure, and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) flow rate, was performed. In the first stage, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment (diatomaceous earth (DE) and biomass mixing in the range 0.25–1 DE/biomass; grinding speed varying between 0 and 600 rpm, and pre-treatment time changing from 2.5 to 10 min), was evaluated on lutein extraction efficiency. In the second stage, the influence of SF-CO<sub>2</sub> extraction parameters such as pressure (25–55 MPa), temperature (50 and 65 °C), and CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) on lutein recovery and purity was investigated. The results demonstrated that by increasing temperature, pressure, and CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate lutein recovery and purity were improved. The maximum lutein recovery (~98%) with purity of ~34% was achieved operating at 65 °C and 55 MPa with a CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Therefore, optimum conditions could be useful in food industries for lutein supplementation in food products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:36:39Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:36:39Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d36a35c71c14ec699bc3963bd8abc772022-12-22T00:11:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-04-01247132410.3390/molecules24071324molecules24071324Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i>Sanjeet Mehariya0Angela Iovine1Giuseppe Di Sanzo2Vincenzo Larocca3Maria Martino4Gian Paolo Leone5Patrizia Casella6Despina Karatza7Tiziana Marino8Dino Musmarra9Antonio Molino10ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Portici, P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Portici, P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Trisaia, SS Jonica 106, km 419+500, 7026 Rotondella (MT), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Trisaia, SS Jonica 106, km 419+500, 7026 Rotondella (MT), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Trisaia, SS Jonica 106, km 419+500, 7026 Rotondella (MT), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome (RM), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Portici, P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), ItalyDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania “L.Vanvitelli”, Real Casa dell’Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), ItalyDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania “L.Vanvitelli”, Real Casa dell’Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), ItalyDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania “L.Vanvitelli”, Real Casa dell’Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), ItalyENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and sustainable economic Development, Department of Sustainability—CR Portici, P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), ItalyLutein has several benefits for human health, playing an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, amelioration of the first stages of atherosclerosis, and some types of cancer. In this work, the <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> microalga was used as a natural source for the supercritical fluid (SF) extraction of lutein. For this purpose, the optimization of the main parameters affecting the extraction, such as biomass pre-treatment, temperature, pressure, and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) flow rate, was performed. In the first stage, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment (diatomaceous earth (DE) and biomass mixing in the range 0.25–1 DE/biomass; grinding speed varying between 0 and 600 rpm, and pre-treatment time changing from 2.5 to 10 min), was evaluated on lutein extraction efficiency. In the second stage, the influence of SF-CO<sub>2</sub> extraction parameters such as pressure (25–55 MPa), temperature (50 and 65 °C), and CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) on lutein recovery and purity was investigated. The results demonstrated that by increasing temperature, pressure, and CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate lutein recovery and purity were improved. The maximum lutein recovery (~98%) with purity of ~34% was achieved operating at 65 °C and 55 MPa with a CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Therefore, optimum conditions could be useful in food industries for lutein supplementation in food products.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1324microalgaeluteincarotenoidsfatty acidsfood additivesdietary supplementspretreatmentrecoverypurity |
| spellingShingle | Sanjeet Mehariya Angela Iovine Giuseppe Di Sanzo Vincenzo Larocca Maria Martino Gian Paolo Leone Patrizia Casella Despina Karatza Tiziana Marino Dino Musmarra Antonio Molino Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> Molecules microalgae lutein carotenoids fatty acids food additives dietary supplements pretreatment recovery purity |
| title | Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> |
| title_full | Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> |
| title_short | Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from <i>Scenedesmus almeriensis</i> |
| title_sort | supercritical fluid extraction of lutein from i scenedesmus almeriensis i |
| topic | microalgae lutein carotenoids fatty acids food additives dietary supplements pretreatment recovery purity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1324 |
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