Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic>
ABSTRACT Deinococcus radiodurans, a highly radioresistant bacterium, does not show LexA-dependent regulation of recA expression in response to DNA damage. On the other hand, phosphorylation of DNA repair proteins such as PprA and RecA by a DNA damage-responsive Ser/Thr protein kinase (STPK) (RqkA) c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2018-08-01
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| Series: | mSphere |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00325-18 |
| _version_ | 1818836547731980288 |
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| author | Ganesh K. Maurya Kruti Modi Manisha Banerjee Reema Chaudhary Yogendra S. Rajpurohit Hari S. Misra |
| author_facet | Ganesh K. Maurya Kruti Modi Manisha Banerjee Reema Chaudhary Yogendra S. Rajpurohit Hari S. Misra |
| author_sort | Ganesh K. Maurya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Deinococcus radiodurans, a highly radioresistant bacterium, does not show LexA-dependent regulation of recA expression in response to DNA damage. On the other hand, phosphorylation of DNA repair proteins such as PprA and RecA by a DNA damage-responsive Ser/Thr protein kinase (STPK) (RqkA) could improve their DNA metabolic activities as well as their roles in the radioresistance of D. radiodurans. Here we report RqkA-mediated phosphorylation of cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA in vitro and in surrogate Escherichia coli bacteria expressing RqkA. Mass spectrometric analysis mapped serine 235 and serine 335 in FtsZ and threonine 272, serine 370, and serine 386 in FtsA as potential phosphorylation sites. Although the levels of FtsZ did not change during postirradiation recovery (PIR), phosphorylation of both FtsZ and FtsA showed a kinetic change during PIR. However, in an rqkA mutant of D. radiodurans, though FtsZ underwent phosphorylation, no kinetic change in phosphorylation was observed. Further, RqkA adversely affected FtsA interaction with FtsZ, and phosphorylated FtsZ showed higher GTPase activity than unphosphorylated FtsZ. These results suggest that both FtsZ and FtsA are phosphoproteins in D. radiodurans. The increased phosphorylation of FtsZ in response to radiation damage in the wild-type strain but not in an rqkA mutant seems to be regulating the functional interaction of FtsZ with FtsA. For the first time, we demonstrate the role of a DNA damage-responsive STPK (RqkA) in the regulation of functional interaction of cell division proteins in this bacterium. IMPORTANCE The LexA/RecA-type SOS response is the only characterized mechanism of DNA damage response in bacteria. It regulates cell cycle by attenuating the functions of cell division protein FtsZ and inducing the expression of DNA repair proteins. There are bacteria, including Deinococcus radiodurans, that do not show this classical SOS response. D. radiodurans is known for its extraordinary resistance to gamma radiation, and a DNA damage-responsive Ser/Thr protein kinase (RqkA) has been characterized for its role in radioresistance. RqkA phosphorylates a large number of proteins in solution. The phosphorylation of RecA and PprA by RqkA enhanced their activities. FtsZ phosphorylation is inducible by gamma radiation in wild-type D. radiodurans but not in an rqkA mutant. Phosphorylation affected the interaction of FtsZ and FtsA in this bacterium. This study, therefore, brought forth some findings that might lead to the discovery of a new mechanism regulating the bacterial cell cycle in response to DNA damage. |
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| id | doaj.art-4d3f7cd3996f4f1995757af4979e9e5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-5042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:08:21Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4d3f7cd3996f4f1995757af4979e9e5e2022-12-21T20:38:04ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSphere2379-50422018-08-013410.1128/mSphere.00325-18Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic>Ganesh K. Maurya0Kruti Modi1Manisha Banerjee2Reema Chaudhary3Yogendra S. Rajpurohit4Hari S. Misra5Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, IndiaABSTRACT Deinococcus radiodurans, a highly radioresistant bacterium, does not show LexA-dependent regulation of recA expression in response to DNA damage. On the other hand, phosphorylation of DNA repair proteins such as PprA and RecA by a DNA damage-responsive Ser/Thr protein kinase (STPK) (RqkA) could improve their DNA metabolic activities as well as their roles in the radioresistance of D. radiodurans. Here we report RqkA-mediated phosphorylation of cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA in vitro and in surrogate Escherichia coli bacteria expressing RqkA. Mass spectrometric analysis mapped serine 235 and serine 335 in FtsZ and threonine 272, serine 370, and serine 386 in FtsA as potential phosphorylation sites. Although the levels of FtsZ did not change during postirradiation recovery (PIR), phosphorylation of both FtsZ and FtsA showed a kinetic change during PIR. However, in an rqkA mutant of D. radiodurans, though FtsZ underwent phosphorylation, no kinetic change in phosphorylation was observed. Further, RqkA adversely affected FtsA interaction with FtsZ, and phosphorylated FtsZ showed higher GTPase activity than unphosphorylated FtsZ. These results suggest that both FtsZ and FtsA are phosphoproteins in D. radiodurans. The increased phosphorylation of FtsZ in response to radiation damage in the wild-type strain but not in an rqkA mutant seems to be regulating the functional interaction of FtsZ with FtsA. For the first time, we demonstrate the role of a DNA damage-responsive STPK (RqkA) in the regulation of functional interaction of cell division proteins in this bacterium. IMPORTANCE The LexA/RecA-type SOS response is the only characterized mechanism of DNA damage response in bacteria. It regulates cell cycle by attenuating the functions of cell division protein FtsZ and inducing the expression of DNA repair proteins. There are bacteria, including Deinococcus radiodurans, that do not show this classical SOS response. D. radiodurans is known for its extraordinary resistance to gamma radiation, and a DNA damage-responsive Ser/Thr protein kinase (RqkA) has been characterized for its role in radioresistance. RqkA phosphorylates a large number of proteins in solution. The phosphorylation of RecA and PprA by RqkA enhanced their activities. FtsZ phosphorylation is inducible by gamma radiation in wild-type D. radiodurans but not in an rqkA mutant. Phosphorylation affected the interaction of FtsZ and FtsA in this bacterium. This study, therefore, brought forth some findings that might lead to the discovery of a new mechanism regulating the bacterial cell cycle in response to DNA damage.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00325-18DNA damage responseDeinococcusSer/Thr protein kinasebacterial cell cycle regulationprotein phosphorylationradioresistance |
| spellingShingle | Ganesh K. Maurya Kruti Modi Manisha Banerjee Reema Chaudhary Yogendra S. Rajpurohit Hari S. Misra Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> mSphere DNA damage response Deinococcus Ser/Thr protein kinase bacterial cell cycle regulation protein phosphorylation radioresistance |
| title | Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> |
| title_full | Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> |
| title_fullStr | Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> |
| title_short | Phosphorylation of FtsZ and FtsA by a DNA Damage-Responsive Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Affects Their Functional Interactions in <italic toggle="yes">Deinococcus radiodurans</italic> |
| title_sort | phosphorylation of ftsz and ftsa by a dna damage responsive ser thr protein kinase affects their functional interactions in italic toggle yes deinococcus radiodurans italic |
| topic | DNA damage response Deinococcus Ser/Thr protein kinase bacterial cell cycle regulation protein phosphorylation radioresistance |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00325-18 |
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