Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans
Periodic fasting (PF) is an increasingly popular approach that assists in the management of metabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as in preventing mechanisms involved in aging. However, little is known about the effects of fasting on gut microbiota and its impact on the epigenetic regulation o...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/5/2331 |
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| author | Stephanie Lilja Carina Stoll Ulrike Krammer Berit Hippe Kalina Duszka Tewodros Debebe Ingrid Höfinger Jürgen König Angelika Pointner Alexander Haslberger |
| author_facet | Stephanie Lilja Carina Stoll Ulrike Krammer Berit Hippe Kalina Duszka Tewodros Debebe Ingrid Höfinger Jürgen König Angelika Pointner Alexander Haslberger |
| author_sort | Stephanie Lilja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Periodic fasting (PF) is an increasingly popular approach that assists in the management of metabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as in preventing mechanisms involved in aging. However, little is known about the effects of fasting on gut microbiota and its impact on the epigenetic regulation of metabolically relevant enzymes, especially sirtuins (SIRTs). We analyzed the effect of periodic fasting on the human gut microbiota, SIRTs expression, and mitochondrial content in 51 males and females. The participants fasted under supervision for five consecutive days following the Buchinger fasting guidelines. Ketogenesis, selected mRNAs, miRNAs, mitochondrial (mt) DNA, and gut composition were analyzed before and after PF. PF triggered a significant switch in metabolism, as indicated by the increase in ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4 (<i>PDK4)</i> expression in the capillary blood. MtDNA, <i>SIRT1</i>, <i>SIRT3</i>, and <i>miRlet7b-5p</i> expression in blood cells were elevated, whereas <i>SIRT6</i> and <i>miR125b-5p</i> were not affected. Following fasting, gut microbiota diversity increased, and a statistically significant correlation between <i>SIRT1</i> gene expression and the abundance of <i>Prevotella</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> was detected. The abundance of longevity related <i>Christensenella</i> species increased after fasting and inversely correlated with age as well as body mass index (BMI). Thus, this represents the first study that showing that fasting not only changes the composition of the gut microbiota, making it more diverse, but also affects SIRT expression in humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:30:22Z |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:30:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d44efe8a5034c00b5228c86bafecd732023-12-11T18:33:26ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-02-01225233110.3390/ijms22052331Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in HumansStephanie Lilja0Carina Stoll1Ulrike Krammer2Berit Hippe3Kalina Duszka4Tewodros Debebe5Ingrid Höfinger6Jürgen König7Angelika Pointner8Alexander Haslberger9Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaBiomes NGS GmbH, 15745 Wildau, GermanyMonastery Pernegg, 3753 Pernegg, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, AustriaPeriodic fasting (PF) is an increasingly popular approach that assists in the management of metabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as in preventing mechanisms involved in aging. However, little is known about the effects of fasting on gut microbiota and its impact on the epigenetic regulation of metabolically relevant enzymes, especially sirtuins (SIRTs). We analyzed the effect of periodic fasting on the human gut microbiota, SIRTs expression, and mitochondrial content in 51 males and females. The participants fasted under supervision for five consecutive days following the Buchinger fasting guidelines. Ketogenesis, selected mRNAs, miRNAs, mitochondrial (mt) DNA, and gut composition were analyzed before and after PF. PF triggered a significant switch in metabolism, as indicated by the increase in ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4 (<i>PDK4)</i> expression in the capillary blood. MtDNA, <i>SIRT1</i>, <i>SIRT3</i>, and <i>miRlet7b-5p</i> expression in blood cells were elevated, whereas <i>SIRT6</i> and <i>miR125b-5p</i> were not affected. Following fasting, gut microbiota diversity increased, and a statistically significant correlation between <i>SIRT1</i> gene expression and the abundance of <i>Prevotella</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> was detected. The abundance of longevity related <i>Christensenella</i> species increased after fasting and inversely correlated with age as well as body mass index (BMI). Thus, this represents the first study that showing that fasting not only changes the composition of the gut microbiota, making it more diverse, but also affects SIRT expression in humans.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/5/2331Buchinger fastinggut microbiotasirtuin |
| spellingShingle | Stephanie Lilja Carina Stoll Ulrike Krammer Berit Hippe Kalina Duszka Tewodros Debebe Ingrid Höfinger Jürgen König Angelika Pointner Alexander Haslberger Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans International Journal of Molecular Sciences Buchinger fasting gut microbiota sirtuin |
| title | Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans |
| title_full | Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans |
| title_fullStr | Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans |
| title_short | Five Days Periodic Fasting Elevates Levels of Longevity Related <i>Christensenella</i> and Sirtuin Expression in Humans |
| title_sort | five days periodic fasting elevates levels of longevity related i christensenella i and sirtuin expression in humans |
| topic | Buchinger fasting gut microbiota sirtuin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/5/2331 |
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